/*
 *  See header file for a description of this class.
 *
 *  \author G. Cerminara - INFN Torino
 */

#include "CalibMuon/DTCalibration/interface/DTTimeBoxFitter.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

#include "TFile.h"
#include "TH1F.h"
#include "TMath.h"
#include "TF1.h"
#include "TString.h"

using namespace std;

DTTimeBoxFitter::DTTimeBoxFitter(const TString& debugFileName)
    : hDebugFile(nullptr), theVerbosityLevel(0), theSigma(10.) {
  // Create a root file for debug output only if needed
  if (debugFileName != "")
    hDebugFile = new TFile(debugFileName.Data(), "RECREATE");
  interactiveFit = false;
  rebin = 1;
}

DTTimeBoxFitter::~DTTimeBoxFitter() {
  if (hDebugFile != nullptr)
    hDebugFile->Close();
}

/// Compute the ttrig (in ns) from the Time Box
pair<double, double> DTTimeBoxFitter::fitTimeBox(TH1F* hTimeBox) {
  hTimeBox->Rebin(rebin);

  // Check if the histo contains any entry
  if (hTimeBox->GetEntries() == 0) {
    cout << "[DTTimeBoxFitter]***Error: the time box contains no entry!" << endl;
    return make_pair(-1, -1);
  }

  if (hTimeBox->GetEntries() < 50000) {
    hTimeBox->Rebin(2);
  }

  // Get seeds for the fit
  // The TimeBox range to be fitted (the rising edge)
  double xFitMin = 0;    // Min value for the fit
  double xFitMax = 0;    // Max value for the fit
  double xValue = 0;     // The mean value of the gaussian
  double xFitSigma = 0;  // The sigma of the gaussian
  double tBoxMax = 0;    // The max of the time box, it is used as seed for gaussian integral

  //hTimeBox->Rebin(2); //FIXME: Temporary for low statistics

  TH1F* hTimeBoxForSeed = (TH1F*)hTimeBox->Clone();  //FIXME: test
  if (!interactiveFit) {
    getFitSeeds(hTimeBoxForSeed, xValue, xFitSigma, tBoxMax, xFitMin, xFitMax);
  } else {
    getInteractiveFitSeeds(hTimeBoxForSeed, xValue, xFitSigma, tBoxMax, xFitMin, xFitMax);
  }

  // Define the fitting function and use fit seeds
  TF1* fIntGaus = new TF1("IntGauss", intGauss, xFitMin, xFitMax, 3);
  fIntGaus->SetParName(0, "Constant");
  fIntGaus->SetParameter(0, tBoxMax);
  fIntGaus->SetParName(1, "Mean");
  fIntGaus->SetParameter(1, xValue);
  fIntGaus->SetParName(2, "Sigma");
  fIntGaus->SetParameter(2, xFitSigma);
  fIntGaus->SetLineColor(kRed);

  // Fit the histo
  string option = "Q";
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
    option = "";

  hTimeBox->Fit(fIntGaus, option.c_str(), "", xFitMin, xFitMax);

  // Get fitted parameters
  double mean = fIntGaus->GetParameter("Mean");
  double sigma = fIntGaus->GetParameter("Sigma");
  //   double constant = fIntGaus->GetParameter("Constant");
  double chiSquare = fIntGaus->GetChisquare() / fIntGaus->GetNDF();

  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 1) {
    cout << " === Fit Results: " << endl;
    cout << "     Fitted mean = " << mean << endl;
    cout << "     Fitted sigma = " << sigma << endl;
    cout << "     Reduced Chi Square = " << chiSquare << endl;
  }
  return make_pair(mean, sigma);
}

// Get the seeds for the fit as input from user!It is used if interactiveFit == true
void DTTimeBoxFitter::getInteractiveFitSeeds(
    TH1F* hTBox, double& mean, double& sigma, double& tBoxMax, double& xFitMin, double& xFitMax) {
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 1)
    cout << " === Insert seeds for the Time Box fit:" << endl;

  cout << "Inser the fit mean:" << endl;
  cin >> mean;

  sigma = theSigma;  //FIXME: estimate it!

  tBoxMax = hTBox->GetMaximum();

  // Define the fit range
  xFitMin = mean - 5. * sigma;
  xFitMax = mean + 5. * sigma;

  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 1) {
    cout << "      Time Box Rising edge: " << mean << endl;
    cout << "    = Seeds and range for fit:" << endl;
    cout << "       Seed mean = " << mean << endl;
    cout << "       Seed sigma = " << sigma << endl;
    cout << "       Fitting from = " << xFitMin << " to " << xFitMax << endl << endl;
  }
}

// Automatically compute the seeds the range to be used for time box fit
void DTTimeBoxFitter::getFitSeeds(
    TH1F* hTBox, double& mean, double& sigma, double& tBoxMax, double& xFitMin, double& xFitMax) {
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 1)
    cout << " === Looking for fit seeds in Time Box:" << endl;

  // The approximate width of the time box
  static const int tBoxWidth = 400;  //FIXE: tune it

  int nBins = hTBox->GetNbinsX();
  const int xMin = (int)hTBox->GetXaxis()->GetXmin();
  const int xMax = (int)hTBox->GetXaxis()->GetXmax();
  const int nEntries = (int)hTBox->GetEntries();

  double binValue = (double)(xMax - xMin) / (double)nBins;

  // Compute a threshold for TimeBox discrimination
  const double threshold = binValue * nEntries / (double)(tBoxWidth * 3.);
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
    cout << "   Threshold for logic time box is (# entries): " << threshold << endl;

  int nRebins = 0;  // protection for infinite loop
  while (threshold > hTBox->GetMaximum() / 2. && nRebins < 5) {
    cout << " Rebinning!" << endl;
    hTBox->Rebin(2);
    nBins = hTBox->GetNbinsX();
    binValue = (double)(xMax - xMin) / (double)nBins;
    nRebins++;
  }

  if (hDebugFile != nullptr)
    hDebugFile->cd();
  TString hLName = TString(hTBox->GetName()) + "L";
  TH1F hLTB(hLName.Data(), "Logic Time Box", nBins, xMin, xMax);
  // Loop over all time box bins and discriminate them accordigly to the threshold
  for (int i = 1; i <= nBins; i++) {
    if (hTBox->GetBinContent(i) > threshold)
      hLTB.SetBinContent(i, 1);
  }
  if (hDebugFile != nullptr)
    hLTB.Write();

  // Look for the time box in the "logic histo" and save beginning and lenght of each plateau
  vector<pair<int, int> > startAndLenght;
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
    cout << "   Look for rising and folling edges of logic time box: " << endl;
  int start = -1;
  int lenght = -1;
  for (int j = 1; j < nBins; j++) {
    int diff = (int)hLTB.GetBinContent(j + 1) - (int)hLTB.GetBinContent(j);
    if (diff == 1) {  // This is a rising edge
      start = j;
      lenght = 1;
      if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2) {
        cout << "     >>>----" << endl;
        cout << "      bin: " << j << " is a rising edge" << endl;
      }
    } else if (diff == -1) {  // This is a falling edge
      startAndLenght.push_back(make_pair(start, lenght));
      if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2) {
        cout << "      bin: " << j << " is a falling edge, lenght is: " << lenght << endl;
        cout << "     <<<----" << endl;
      }
      start = -1;
      lenght = -1;
    } else if (diff == 0 && (int)hLTB.GetBinContent(j) == 1) {  // This is a bin within the plateau
      lenght++;
    }
  }

  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
    cout << "   Add macro intervals: " << endl;
  // Look for consecutive plateau: 2 plateau are consecutive if the gap is < 5 ns
  vector<pair<int, int> > superIntervals;
  for (vector<pair<int, int> >::const_iterator interval = startAndLenght.begin(); interval != startAndLenght.end();
       ++interval) {
    pair<int, int> theInterval = (*interval);
    vector<pair<int, int> >::const_iterator next = interval;
    while (++next != startAndLenght.end()) {
      int gap = (*next).first - (theInterval.first + theInterval.second);
      double gabInNs = binValue * gap;
      if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
        cout << "      gap: " << gabInNs << "(ns)" << endl;
      if (gabInNs > 20) {
        break;
      } else {
        theInterval = make_pair(theInterval.first, theInterval.second + gap + (*next).second);
        superIntervals.push_back(theInterval);
        if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
          cout << "          Add interval, start: " << theInterval.first << " width: " << theInterval.second << endl;
      }
    }
  }

  // merge the vectors of intervals
  copy(superIntervals.begin(), superIntervals.end(), back_inserter(startAndLenght));

  // Look for the plateau of the right lenght
  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
    cout << "    Look for the best interval:" << endl;
  int delta = 999999;
  int beginning = -1;
  int tbWidth = -1;
  for (vector<pair<int, int> >::const_iterator stAndL = startAndLenght.begin(); stAndL != startAndLenght.end();
       ++stAndL) {
    if (abs((*stAndL).second - tBoxWidth) < delta) {
      delta = abs((*stAndL).second - tBoxWidth);
      beginning = (*stAndL).first;
      tbWidth = (*stAndL).second;
      if (theVerbosityLevel >= 2)
        cout << "   Candidate: First: " << beginning << ", width: " << tbWidth << ", delta: " << delta << endl;
    }
  }

  mean = xMin + beginning * binValue;
  sigma = theSigma;  //FIXME: estimate it!

  tBoxMax = hTBox->GetMaximum();

  // Define the fit range
  xFitMin = mean - 5. * sigma;
  xFitMax = mean + 5. * sigma;

  if (theVerbosityLevel >= 1) {
    cout << "      Time Box Rising edge: " << mean << endl;
    cout << "      Time Box Width: " << tbWidth * binValue << endl;
    cout << "    = Seeds and range for fit:" << endl;
    cout << "       Seed mean = " << mean << endl;
    cout << "       Seed sigma = " << sigma << endl;
    cout << "       Fitting from = " << xFitMin << " to " << xFitMax << endl << endl;
  }
}

double intGauss(double* x, double* par) {
  double media = par[1];
  double sigma = par[2];
  double var = (x[0] - media) / (sigma * sqrt(2.));

  return 0.5 * par[0] * (1 + TMath::Erf(var));
}