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File indexing completed on 2024-04-06 12:12:57

 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // definition of type encoding/decoding functions
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // prerequisite source files and headers
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #include "FWCore/ParameterSet/interface/types.h"
 
 #include "FWCore/ParameterSet/src/split.h"
 #include "FWCore/Utilities/interface/Parse.h"
 #include <cctype>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <limits>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <optional>
 
 using namespace edm;
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // utility functions
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static char to_hex(unsigned int i) { return i + (i < 10u ? '0' : ('A' - 10)); }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static unsigned int from_hex(char c) {
   switch (c) {
     case '0':
     case '1':
     case '2':
     case '3':
     case '4':
     case '5':
     case '6':
     case '7':
     case '8':
     case '9':
       return c - '0';
     case 'a':
     case 'b':
     case 'c':
     case 'd':
     case 'e':
     case 'f':
       return 10 + c - 'a';
     case 'A':
     case 'B':
     case 'C':
     case 'D':
     case 'E':
     case 'F':
       return 10 + c - 'A';
     default:
       return 0;
   }
 }  // from_hex()
 
 static void append_hex_rep(std::string& s, unsigned int c) {
   s += to_hex(c / 16u);
   s += to_hex(c % 16u);
 }  // append_hex_rep()
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Bool
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(bool& to, std::string_view from) {
   if (from == "true") {
     to = true;
     return true;
   } else if (from == "false") {
     to = false;
     return true;
   } else {
     return false;
   }
 }  // decode to bool
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, bool from) {
   to = from ? "true" : "false";
   return true;
 }  // encode from bool
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vBool
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<bool>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     bool val = false;
     if (!decode(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<bool>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<bool> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<bool>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<bool>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Int32
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(int& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::string_view::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
 
   if (*b != '+' && *b != '-') {
     return false;
   }
   int sign = (*b == '+') ? +1 : -1;
 
   to = 0;
   while (++b != e) {
     if (!std::isdigit(*b)) {
       return false;
     }
     to = 10 * to + (*b - '0');
   }
   to *= sign;
 
   return true;
 }  // decode to int
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, int from) {
   bool is_negative = (from < 0);
   if (is_negative) {
     from = -from;  // TODO: work around this for most negative integer
   }
   to.clear();
   do {
     to = static_cast<char>(from % 10 + '0') + to;
     from /= 10;
   } while (from > 0);
   to = (is_negative ? '-' : '+') + to;
 
   return true;
 }  // encode from int
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Int64
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(long long& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::string_view::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
 
   if (*b != '+' && *b != '-') {
     return false;
   }
   int sign = (*b == '+') ? +1 : -1;
 
   to = 0;
   while (++b != e) {
     if (!std::isdigit(*b)) {
       return false;
     }
     to = 10 * to + (*b - '0');
   }
   to *= sign;
 
   return true;
 }  // decode to int
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, long long from) {
   bool is_negative = (from < 0);
   if (is_negative) {
     from = -from;  // TODO: work around this for most negative integer
   }
 
   to.clear();
   do {
     to = static_cast<char>(from % 10 + '0') + to;
     from /= 10;
   } while (from > 0);
   to = (is_negative ? '-' : '+') + to;
 
   return true;
 }  // encode from int
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vInt32
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<int>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     int val = 0;
     if (!decode(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<int> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
 
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vInt64
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<long long>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string_view> temp;
   if (!split(std::back_inserter(temp), from, '{', ',', '}')) {
     return false;
   }
 
   to.clear();
   for (auto t : temp) {
     long long val = 0LL;
     if (!decode(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
   }
 
   return true;
 }  // decode to vector<int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<long long> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<long long>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Uint32
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(unsigned int& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::string_view::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
 
   to = 0u;
   for (; b != e; ++b) {
     if (*b == 'u' || *b == 'U') {
       return true;
     }
     if (!std::isdigit(*b)) {
       return false;
     }
     to = 10u * to + (*b - '0');
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to unsigned
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, unsigned int from) {
   to.clear();
   do {
     to = static_cast<char>(from % 10 + '0') + to;
     from /= 10u;
   } while (from > 0u);
 
   return true;
 }  // encode from unsigned
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Uint64
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(unsigned long long& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::string_view::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
   to = 0u;
   for (; b != e; ++b) {
     if (*b == 'u' || *b == 'U') {
       return true;
     }
     if (!std::isdigit(*b)) {
       return false;
     }
     to = 10u * to + (*b - '0');
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to unsigned
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, unsigned long long from) {
   to.clear();
   do {
     to = static_cast<char>(from % 10 + '0') + to;
     from /= 10u;
   } while (from > 0u);
 
   return true;
 }  // encode from unsigned
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vUint32
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<unsigned int>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     unsigned int val = 0;
     if (!decode(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<unsigned int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<unsigned int> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<unsigned int>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<unsigned int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vUint64
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<unsigned long long>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     unsigned long long val = 0ULL;
     if (!decode(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<unsigned int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<unsigned long long> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<unsigned long long>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
 
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<unsigned int>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Double
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(double& to, std::string_view from) {
   if (from == "NaN") {
     to = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
   } else if (from == "+inf" || from == "inf") {
     to = std::numeric_limits<double>::has_infinity ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
                                                    : std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
   } else if (from == "-inf") {
     to = std::numeric_limits<double>::has_infinity ? -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
                                                    : -std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
   }
 
   else {
     try {
       // std::cerr << "from:" << from << std::endl;
       to = std::stod(std::string(from));
       // std::cerr << "to:" << to << std::endl;
     } catch (const std::exception&) {
       return false;
     }
   }
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, double from) {
   std::ostringstream ost;
   ost.precision(std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10);
   ost << from;
   if (!ost)
     return false;
   to = ost.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vDouble
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<double>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     double val;
     if (!decode(val, t))
       return false;
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<double>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<double> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<double>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b))
       return false;
 
     if (b != from.begin())
       to += ",";
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<double>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // String
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 std::optional<std::string_view> edm::decode_string_extent(std::string_view from) {
   std::size_t searchIndex = 0;
   std::size_t indexEnd = 0;
   while (std::string_view::npos != (indexEnd = from.find_first_of('\0', searchIndex))) {
     if (indexEnd + 1 == from.size()) {
       return from;
     }
     if (from[indexEnd + 1] == '\0') {
       searchIndex = indexEnd + 2;
     } else {
       return from.substr(0, indexEnd + 1);
     }
   }
   //didn't find an unpaired '\0'
   return {};
 }
 
 bool edm::decode(std::string& to, std::string_view from) {
   if (from.empty() or from.back() != '\0') {
     return false;
   }
   to = from.substr(0, from.size() - 1);
 
   std::size_t searchIndex = 0;
   while (std::string::npos != (searchIndex = to.find_first_of('\0', searchIndex))) {
     if (searchIndex == to.size() - 1 or to[searchIndex + 1] != '\0') {
       //unpaired string
       return false;
     }
     to.erase(searchIndex, 1);
     ++searchIndex;
   }
   return true;
 }
 
 bool edm::decode_deprecated(std::string& to, std::string_view from) {
   /*std::cerr << "Decoding: " << from << '\n'; //DEBUG*/
   std::string_view::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
 
   to = "";
   to.reserve((e - b) / 2);
   char c = '\0';
   for (bool even_pos = true; b != e; ++b, even_pos = !even_pos) {
     if (even_pos) {
       /*std::cerr << "Even: |"
                   << *b
                   << "|   giving "
                   << from_hex(*b)
                   << "\n"; //DEBUG*/
       c = static_cast<char>(from_hex(*b));
     } else {
       /*std::cerr << "Odd:  |"
                   << *b
                   << "|   giving "
                   << from_hex(*b)
                   << "\n"; //DEBUG*/
       c = static_cast<char>(c * 16 + from_hex(*b));
       //      if(std::isalnum(c))  {
       /*std::cerr << "Ans:  |" << c << "|\n"; //DEBUG*/
       to += c;
       //}
       //else  { // keep all special chars encoded
       //to += "\\x";
       //to += to_hex_rep(c);
       //}
     }
   }
   /*std::cerr << "Decoded: " << to << '\n'; //DEBUG*/
   return true;
 }  // decode to String
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // FileInPath
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(FileInPath& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::string sfrom{from};
   std::istringstream is(sfrom);
   FileInPath temp;
   temp.readFromParameterSetBlob(is);
   if (!is)
     return false;
   to = temp;
   return true;
 }  // decode to FileInPath
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, FileInPath const& from) {
   std::ostringstream ost;
   ost << from;
   if (!ost)
     return false;
   to = ost.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // InputTag
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(InputTag& to, std::string_view from) {
   to = InputTag(std::string(from));
   return true;
 }  // decode to InputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, InputTag const& from) {
   to = from.encode();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VInputTag
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<InputTag>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     to.push_back(InputTag(*stringItr));
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to VInputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<InputTag> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<InputTag>::const_iterator tagItr = from.begin(), tagItrEnd = from.end(); tagItr != tagItrEnd;
        ++tagItr) {
     strings.push_back(tagItr->encode());
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ESInputTag
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(ESInputTag& to, std::string_view from) {
   if (not from.empty() and from.npos == from.find(':')) {
     to = ESInputTag(std::string(from), "");
   } else {
     to = ESInputTag(std::string(from));
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to InputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, ESInputTag const& from) {
   to = from.encode();
   if (not to.empty() and to.back() == ':') {
     to.pop_back();
   }
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VESInputTag
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<ESInputTag>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     to.push_back(ESInputTag(*stringItr));
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to VInputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<ESInputTag> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<ESInputTag>::const_iterator tagItr = from.begin(), tagItrEnd = from.end(); tagItr != tagItrEnd;
        ++tagItr) {
     strings.push_back(tagItr->encode());
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // EventID
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(edm::EventID& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> tokens = edm::tokenize(std::string(from), ":");
   assert(tokens.size() == 2 || tokens.size() == 3);
   unsigned int run = strtoul(tokens[0].c_str(), nullptr, 0);
   unsigned int lumi = (tokens.size() == 2 ? 0 : strtoul(tokens[1].c_str(), nullptr, 0));
   unsigned long long event = strtoull(tokens[tokens.size() - 1].c_str(), nullptr, 0);
   to = edm::EventID(run, lumi, event);
 
   return true;
 }  // decode to EventID
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, edm::EventID const& from) {
   std::ostringstream os;
   if (from.luminosityBlock() == 0U) {
     os << from.run() << ":" << from.event();
   } else {
     os << from.run() << ":" << from.luminosityBlock() << ":" << from.event();
   }
   to = os.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VEventID
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<edm::EventID>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     edm::EventID eventID;
     decode(eventID, *stringItr);
     to.push_back(eventID);
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to VInputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<edm::EventID> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<edm::EventID>::const_iterator idItr = from.begin(), idItrEnd = from.end(); idItr != idItrEnd;
        ++idItr) {
     std::string encodedEventID;
     encode(encodedEventID, *idItr);
     strings.push_back(encodedEventID);
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // LuminosityBlockID
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(edm::LuminosityBlockID& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> tokens = edm::tokenize(std::string(from), ":");
   assert(tokens.size() == 2);
   unsigned int run = strtoul(tokens[0].c_str(), nullptr, 0);
   unsigned int lumi = strtoul(tokens[1].c_str(), nullptr, 0);
   to = edm::LuminosityBlockID(run, lumi);
   return true;
 }  // decode to LuminosityBlockID
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, edm::LuminosityBlockID const& from) {
   std::ostringstream os;
   os << from.run() << ":" << from.luminosityBlock();
   to = os.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VLuminosityBlockID
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockID>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     edm::LuminosityBlockID lumiID;
     decode(lumiID, *stringItr);
     to.push_back(lumiID);
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to VInputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockID> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockID>::const_iterator idItr = from.begin(), idItrEnd = from.end();
        idItr != idItrEnd;
        ++idItr) {
     std::string encodedLuminosityBlockID;
     encode(encodedLuminosityBlockID, *idItr);
     strings.push_back(encodedLuminosityBlockID);
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // LuminosityBlockRange
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(edm::LuminosityBlockRange& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> tokens = edm::tokenize(std::string(from), "-");
   assert(tokens.size() == 2);
   edm::LuminosityBlockID begin;
   edm::LuminosityBlockID end;
   edm::decode(begin, tokens[0]);
   edm::decode(end, tokens[1]);
   to = edm::LuminosityBlockRange(begin.run(), begin.luminosityBlock(), end.run(), end.luminosityBlock());
   return true;
 }  // decode to LuminosityBlockRange
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, edm::LuminosityBlockRange const& from) {
   std::ostringstream os;
   os << from.startRun() << ":" << from.startLumi() << "-" << from.endRun() << ":" << from.endLumi();
   to = os.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VLuminosityBlockRange
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockRange>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     edm::LuminosityBlockRange lumiRange;
     decode(lumiRange, *stringItr);
     to.push_back(lumiRange);
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to VInputTag
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockRange> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<edm::LuminosityBlockRange>::const_iterator idItr = from.begin(), idItrEnd = from.end();
        idItr != idItrEnd;
        ++idItr) {
     std::string encodedLuminosityBlockRange;
     encode(encodedLuminosityBlockRange, *idItr);
     strings.push_back(encodedLuminosityBlockRange);
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // EventRange
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(edm::EventRange& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> tokens = edm::tokenize(std::string(from), "-");
   assert(tokens.size() == 2);
   edm::EventID begin;
   edm::EventID end;
   edm::decode(begin, tokens[0]);
   edm::decode(end, tokens[1]);
   assert((begin.luminosityBlock() == 0) == (end.luminosityBlock() == 0));
   to = edm::EventRange(
       begin.run(), begin.luminosityBlock(), begin.event(), end.run(), end.luminosityBlock(), end.event());
   return true;
 }  // decode to EventRange
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, edm::EventRange const& from) {
   std::ostringstream os;
   if (from.startLumi() == 0) {
     assert(from.endLumi() == 0);
     os << from.startRun() << ":" << from.startEvent() << "-" << from.endRun() << ":" << from.endEvent();
   } else {
     assert(from.endLumi() != 0);
     os << from.startRun() << ":" << from.startLumi() << ":" << from.startEvent() << "-" << from.endRun() << ":"
        << from.endLumi() << ":" << from.endEvent();
   }
   to = os.str();
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VEventRange
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<edm::EventRange>& to, std::string_view from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   decode(strings, from);
 
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator stringItr = strings.begin(), stringItrEnd = strings.end();
        stringItr != stringItrEnd;
        ++stringItr) {
     edm::EventRange eventRange;
     decode(eventRange, *stringItr);
     to.push_back(eventRange);
   }
   return true;
 }
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<edm::EventRange> const& from) {
   std::vector<std::string> strings;
   for (std::vector<edm::EventRange>::const_iterator idItr = from.begin(), idItrEnd = from.end(); idItr != idItrEnd;
        ++idItr) {
     std::string encodedEventRange;
     encode(encodedEventRange, *idItr);
     strings.push_back(encodedEventRange);
   }
   encode(to, strings);
   return true;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::string const& from) {
   to = from;
   //need to escape any nulls by making them pairs
   std::size_t lastFound = 0;
   while (std::string::npos != (lastFound = to.find_first_of('\0', lastFound))) {
     to.insert(lastFound, 1, '\0');
     lastFound += 2;
   }
   to += '\0';
   return true;
 }
 
 bool edm::encode_deprecated(std::string& to, std::string const& from) {
   std::string::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end();
 
   enum escape_state { NONE, BACKSLASH, HEX, HEX1, OCT1, OCT2 };
 
   escape_state state = NONE;
   int code = 0;
   to = "";
   for (; b != e; ++b) {
     /*std::cerr << "State: " << state << "; char = " << *b << '\n'; //DEBUG*/
     switch (state) {
       case NONE: {
         if (*b == '\\')
           state = BACKSLASH;
         else
           append_hex_rep(to, *b);
         /*std::cerr << "To: |" << to << "|\n"; //DEBUG*/
         break;
       }
       case BACKSLASH: {
         code = 0;
         switch (*b) {
           case 'x':
           case 'X': {
             state = HEX;
             break;
           }
           case '0':
           case '1':
           case '2':
           case '3':
           case '4':
           case '5':
           case '6':
           case '7': {
             code = 8 * code + from_hex(*b);
             state = OCT1;
             break;
           }
           case 'n': {
             append_hex_rep(to, 10);
             state = NONE;
             break;
           }
           case 't': {
             append_hex_rep(to, 9);
             state = NONE;
             break;
           }
           default: {
             append_hex_rep(to, *b);
             state = NONE;
             break;
           }
         }
         break;
       }
       case HEX: {
         to += *b;
         state = HEX1;
         break;
       }
       case HEX1: {
         to += *b;
         state = NONE;
         break;
       }
       case OCT1: {
         switch (*b) {
           case '0':
           case '1':
           case '2':
           case '3':
           case '4':
           case '5':
           case '6':
           case '7': {
             code = 8 * code + from_hex(*b);
             state = OCT2;
             break;
           }
           default: {
             append_hex_rep(to, code);
             state = NONE;
             break;
           }
         }
         break;
       }
       case OCT2: {
         switch (*b) {
           case '0':
           case '1':
           case '2':
           case '3':
           case '4':
           case '5':
           case '6':
           case '7': {
             code = 8 * code + from_hex(*b);
             break;
           }
           default: {
             append_hex_rep(to, code);
             break;
           }
         }
         state = NONE;
         break;
       }
       default: {
         throw std::logic_error("can't happen");
         break;
       }
     }
   }  // for
 
   return true;
 }  // encode from String
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vString
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode_deprecated(std::vector<std::string>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ','));
   return split(from, '{', ',', '}', [&to](auto t) {
     std::string val;
     // treat blank string specially
     if (t == "XXX") {
       val = "";
     } else if (!decode_deprecated(val, t)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(val);
     return true;
   });
 }  // decode to vector<string>
 
 std::optional<std::string_view> edm::decode_vstring_extent(std::string_view from) {
   if (from.size() < 2) {
     return {};
   }
   if (from.front() != '{') {
     return {};
   }
   if (from[1] == '}') {
     return from.substr(0, 2);
   }
   if (from.size() < 3) {
     return {};
   }
   if (from[1] != '\0') {
     return {};
   }
   auto remaining = from.substr(2);
   while (not remaining.empty()) {
     auto strng = decode_string_extent(remaining);
     if (not strng) {
       return {};
     }
     remaining = remaining.substr(strng->size());
     if (remaining.empty())
       return {};
     if (remaining.front() == '}') {
       return from.substr(0, from.size() - remaining.size() + 1);
     }
     if (remaining.front() == ',') {
       remaining = remaining.substr(1);
     } else {
       return {};
     }
   }
   return {};
 }
 
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<std::string>& to, std::string_view from) {
   if (from.size() < 2) {
     return false;
   }
   if (from.front() != '{') {
     return false;
   }
   if (from.back() != '}') {
     return false;
   }
   to.clear();
   if (from.size() == 2) {
     //an empty vector
     return true;
   }
   if (from[1] != '\0') {
     return false;
   }
   auto remaining = from.substr(2, from.size() - 2 /*leading {/0*/ - 1 /*trailing } */);
   while (not remaining.empty()) {
     auto strng = decode_string_extent(remaining);
     if (not strng) {
       return false;
     }
     std::string val;
     if (!decode_element(val, *strng)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.emplace_back(std::move(val));
 
     remaining = remaining.substr(strng->size());
     if (remaining.empty())
       break;
     if (remaining.front() == ',') {
       remaining = remaining.substr(1);
     } else {
       return false;
     }
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to vector<string>
 
 bool edm::decode_element(std::string& to, std::string_view from) { return decode(to, from); }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<std::string> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   //special cases
   // empty vector : "{}"
   // vector with one empty element: "{\0\0}"
   // vector with one '}' element: "{\0}\0}"
   // vector with two '}' elements: "{\0}\0,}\0}"
   //needed to tell an empty vector from one with the first string being "}"
   if (not from.empty()) {
     to += '\0';
   }
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode_element(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
 
     if (b != from.begin())
       to += ",";
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<string>
 
 bool edm::encode_element(std::string& to, std::string const& from) { return encode(to, from); }
 
 bool edm::encode_deprecated(std::string& to, std::vector<std::string> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode_deprecated(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
 
     if (b != from.begin())
       to += ",";
     to += converted;
   }
 
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<string>
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ParameterSet
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::decode(ParameterSet& to, std::string_view from) {
   to = ParameterSet(from);
   return true;
 }  // decode to ParameterSet
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, ParameterSet const& from) {
   to = from.toString();
   return true;
 }  // encode from ParameterSet
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 std::optional<std::string_view> edm::decode_pset_extent(std::string_view from) {
   auto e = ParameterSet::extent(from);
   if (e.empty()) {
     return {};
   }
   return e;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // vPSet
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 bool edm::decode(std::vector<ParameterSet>& to, std::string_view from) {
   to.clear();
   if (from.size() < 2) {
     return false;
   }
   if (from[0] != '{') {
     return false;
   }
   if (from.back() != '}') {
     return false;
   }
 
   to.reserve(std::count(from.begin(), from.end(), ',') + 1);
 
   auto remaining = from.substr(1, from.size() - 2);
   while (not remaining.empty()) {
     auto extent = ParameterSet::extent(remaining);
     if (extent.empty()) {
       return false;
     }
     ParameterSet val;
     if (!decode(val, extent)) {
       return false;
     }
     to.push_back(std::move(val));
     remaining.remove_prefix(extent.size());
     if (not remaining.empty()) {
       if (remaining[0] != ',') {
         return false;
       }
       remaining.remove_prefix(1);
     }
   }
   return true;
 }  // decode to vector<ParameterSet>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 bool edm::encode(std::string& to, std::vector<ParameterSet> const& from) {
   to = "{";
 
   std::string converted;
   for (std::vector<ParameterSet>::const_iterator b = from.begin(), e = from.end(); b != e; ++b) {
     if (!encode(converted, *b)) {
       return false;
     }
     if (b != from.begin()) {
       to += ",";
     }
     to += converted;
   }
   to += '}';
   return true;
 }  // encode from vector<ParameterSet>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 std::optional<std::string_view> edm::decode_vpset_extent(std::string_view from) {
   if (from.size() < 2) {
     return {};
   }
   if (from.front() != '{') {
     return {};
   }
   if (from[1] == '}') {
     return from.substr(0, 2);
   }
   if (from.size() < 3) {
     return {};
   }
   auto remaining = from.substr(1);
   while (not remaining.empty()) {
     auto extent = decode_pset_extent(remaining);
     if (not extent) {
       return {};
     }
     remaining.remove_prefix(extent->size());
     if (remaining.empty())
       return {};
     if (remaining.front() == '}') {
       return from.substr(0, from.size() - remaining.size() + 1);
     }
     if (remaining.front() == ',') {
       remaining = remaining.substr(1);
     } else {
       return {};
     }
   }
   return {};
 }

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