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File indexing completed on 2024-04-06 12:24:07

 """
 An API and a CLI for quickly building complex figures.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 from __future__ import print_function
 
 from builtins import range
 __license__ = '''\
 Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Jeff Klukas <klukas@wisc.edu>
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 
 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 THE SOFTWARE.
 '''
 
 usage="""\
 Usage: %prog [config.py] targets [options]
 
 Targets may be either multiple root files to compare or a single root file 
 followed by multiple histograms or folders to compare.  For example:
     %prog fileA.root fileB.root fileC.root
     %prog file.root dirA dirB dirC
     %prog file.root dirA/hist1 dirA/hist2
 
 Full documentation is available at: 
     http://packages.python.org/rootplot/"""
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Import python libraries #############################################
 
 import sys
 import optparse
 import shutil
 import math
 import os
 import re
 import tempfile
 import copy
 from os.path import join as joined
 
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Import ROOT and rootplot libraries ##################################
 
 from .utilities import RootFile, Hist, Hist2D, HistStack
 from .utilities import find_num_processors, loadROOT
 
 argstring = ' '.join(sys.argv)
 ## Use ROOT's batch mode, unless outputting to C macros, since there is
 ## a bug in pyROOT that fails to export colors in batch mode
 batch = (not re.search('--ext[ =]*C', argstring) and
          not re.search('-e[ ]*C', argstring))
 ROOT = loadROOT(batch=batch)
 
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Define globals ######################################################
 
 from .version import __version__          # version number
 prog = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])     # rootplot or rootplotmpl
 use_mpl = False                          # set in plotmpl or rootplotmpl
 global_opts = ['filenames', 'targets', 'debug', 'path', 'processors', 
                'merge', 'noclean', 'output', 'numbering', 'html_template',
                'ncolumns_html']
 try:
     import multiprocessing
     use_multiprocessing = True
 except ImportError:
     use_multiprocessing = False
 
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Classes #############################################################
 
 class Options(dict):
     def __init__(self, options, arguments, scope='global'):
         for opt in dir(options):
             value = getattr(options, opt)
             if (not opt.startswith('__') and
                 type(value) in [int, float, str, bool, type(None)]):
                 self[opt] = value
         self.filenames = [x for x in arguments if x.endswith('.root')]
         self.configs   = [x for x in arguments if x.endswith('.py')]
         self.targets   = [x for x in arguments if not (x.endswith('.py') or
                                                        x.endswith('.root'))]
         self.process_configs(scope)
     def __setattr__(self, key, value):
         self[key] = value
     def __getattr__(self, key):
         return self[key]
     def clean_targets(self):
         for i in range(len(self.targets)):
             if self.targets[i][-1] == '/':
                 self.targets[i] = self.targets[i][:-1]
     def arguments(self):
         return self.filenames + self.targets + self.configs
     def kwarg_list(self):
         diffs = {}
         defaults = parse_arguments([])
         for key, value in self.items():
             if (key not in ['filenames', 'targets', 'configs'] and
                 defaults[key] != value):
                 diffs[key] = value
         return diffs
     def append_from_package(self, package, scope):
         for attribute in dir(package):
             if '__' not in attribute:
                 if ((scope == 'global' and attribute in global_opts) or 
                     (scope == 'plot' and attribute not in global_opts)):
                     value = getattr(package, attribute)
                     self[attribute] = value
     def process_configs(self, scope):
         #### Load variables from configs; scope is 'global' or 'plot'
         configdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         sys.path.insert(0, '')
         sys.path.insert(0, configdir)
         write_to_file(config_string(), 
                       joined(configdir, 'default_config.py'))
         configs = ['default_config.py']
         for i, c in enumerate(self.configs):
             shutil.copy(c, joined(configdir, 'rpconfig%i.py' % i))
             configs.append('rpconfig%i.py' % i)
         rc_name = use_mpl and 'rootplotmplrc' or 'rootplotrc'
         rc_path = os.path.expanduser('~/.%s' % rc_name)
         if os.path.exists(rc_path):
             print("Using styles and options from ~/.%s" % rc_name)
             shutil.copy(rc_path, joined(configdir, '%s.py' % rc_name))
             configs.insert(1, '%s.py' % rc_name)
         for f in configs:
             myconfig = __import__(f[:-3])
             self.append_from_package(myconfig, scope)
         self.clean_targets()
         shutil.rmtree(configdir)
 
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Templates ###########################################################
 
 config_template=r"""
 import ROOT         # allows access to ROOT colors (e.g. ROOT.kRed)
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## About Config Files ##################################################
 
 ## This file can be generated by running '%prog --config'
 
 ## Options are loaded in the following order:
 ##   1. from the command line
 ##   2. from the default configuration file
 ##   3. from ~/.%progrc
 ##   4. from configuration files specified on the command-line
 ## This leads to two major points worth understanding:
 ##   1. you may delete any lines you like in this file and they will still
 ##      be loaded correctly from the default
 ##   2. values specified here will superceed the same options from the
 ##      command-line
 ## Therefore, you could set, for example, 'xerr = True' in this file,
 ## and x-errorbars will always be drawn, regardless of whether '--xerr' is
 ## given on the command-line or not.  You can do this with any of the command-
 ## line options, but note that dashes are translated to underscores, so
 ## '--ratio-split=1' becomes 'ratio_split = 1'.
 
 ## Most global style options like default line widths can be set through
 root::## a rootlogon.C, as described at:
 root::##    http://root.cern.ch/drupal/content/how-create-or-modify-style
 mpl:::## a matplotlibrc, as described at:
 mpl:::##    http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/users/customizing.html
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Specifying Files and Targets ########################################
 
 ## You can specify the files to run on through the 'filenames' variable rather
 ## than entering them at the command-line, for example:
 ## filenames = ['histTTbar.root', 'histZmumu.root']
 
 ## Likewise, you can specify target histograms or directories here rather than 
 ## on the command-line, for example:
 ## targets = ['barrel/15to20', 'barrel/20to30']
 
 ## You might also want to specify fancy labels for the legend here rather 
 ## than on the command-line:
 root::## legend_entries = [r'#bar{t}t', r'Z#rightarrow#mu#mu']
 mpl:::## legend_entries = [r'$\bar{t}t$', r'$Z\rightarrow\mu\mu$']
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Different Options for Different Targets #############################
 
 ## Leave these lists empty to have them automatically filled according to the
 ## command-line options.  Any list that is filled must be at least as long
 ## as the number of targets or it will throw an error.
 
 line_colors = []                # normally filled by options.colors
 fill_colors = []                # normally filled by options.colors
 marker_colors = []              # normally filled by options.colors
 mpl:::errorbar_colors = []      # color for bars around the central value
 root::marker_sizes = []         # in pixels
 mpl:::marker_sizes = []         # in points
 root::line_styles = []          # 1 (solid), 2 (dashed), 4 (dashdot), 3 (dotted), ...
 mpl:::line_styles = []          # 'solid', 'dashed', 'dashdot', 'dotted'
 root::fill_styles = []          # 0 (hollow), 1001 (solid), 2001 (hatched), ...
 mpl:::fill_styles = []          # None, '/', '\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', ...
 root::draw_commands = []        # a TH1::Draw option, include 'stack' to make stacked
 mpl:::plot_styles = []          # 'bar', 'hist', 'errorbar', 'stack'
 mpl:::alphas = []               # transparencies for fills (value from 0 to 1)
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Global Style Options ################################################
 
 ## Colors can be specified as (r, g, b) tuples (with range 0. to 1. or range
 root::## 0 to 255), or ROOT color constants (ROOT.kBlue or 600)
 mpl:::## 0 to 255), ROOT color constants (ROOT.kBlue or 600), or any matplotlib
 mpl:::## color specification (names like 'blue' or 'b')
 
 colors = [
     ## a default set of contrasting colors the author happens to like
     ( 82, 124, 219), # blue
     (212,  58, 143), # red
     (231, 139,  77), # orange
     (145,  83, 207), # purple
     (114, 173, 117), # green
     ( 67,  77,  83), # dark grey
     ]
 
 ## Used when --marker_styles is specified; more info available at:
 root::## http://root.cern.ch/root/html/TAttMarker.html
 mpl:::## http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/api/
 mpl:::##        artist_api.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D.set_marker
 marker_styles = [
 mpl:::    'o', 's', '^', 'x', '*', 'D', 'h', '1'
 root::     4, # circle
 root::    25, # square
 root::    26, # triangle
 root::     5, # x
 root::    30, # five-pointed star
 root::    27, # diamond
 root::    28, # cross
 root::     3, # asterisk
     ]
 
 #### Styles for --data
 root::data_linestyle = 1
 mpl:::data_linestyle = 'solid'
 data_color = (0,0,0)      # black
 mc_color = (50, 150, 150) # used when there are exactly 2 targets; set to
                           # None to pick up the normal color
 root::data_marker = 4           # marker style (circle)
 mpl:::data_marker = 'o'         # marker style
 
 #### Settings for --ratio-split or --efficiency-split
 ratio_max  = None
 ratio_min  = None
 ratio_logy = False
 ratio_fraction = 0.3  # Fraction of the canvas that bottom plot occupies
 ratio_label = 'Ratio to %(ratio_file)s' # Label for the bottom plot
 efficiency_label = 'Efficiency vs. %(ratio_file)s'
 
 #### Titles produced by --area-normalize and --normalize
 area_normalized_title = 'Fraction of Events in Bin'
 target_normalized_title = 'Events Normalized to %(norm_file)s'
 
 #### Overflow and underflow text labels
 overflow_text = ' Overflow'
 underflow_text = ' Underflow'
 mpl:::overflow_size = 'small'
 mpl:::overflow_alpha = 0.5
 
 #### Define how much headroom to add to the plot
 top_padding_factor = 1.2
 top_padding_factor_log = 5.    # used when --logy is set
 
 #### Plotting options based on histogram names
 ## Apply options to histograms whose names match regular expressions
 ## The tuples are of the form (option_name, value_to_apply, list_of_regexs)
 ## ex: to rebin by 4 all histograms containing 'pt' or starting with 'eta':
 ##    ('rebin', 4, ['.*pt.*', 'eta.*'])
 options_by_histname = [
     ('area_normalize', True, []),
                        ]
 
 root::#### Legend
 root::legend_width = 0.38        # Fraction of canvas width
 root::legend_entry_height = 0.05 # Fraction of canvas height
 root::max_legend_height = 0.4    # Fraction of canvas height
 root::legend_left_bound = 0.20   # For left justification
 root::legend_right_bound = 0.95  # For right justification
 root::legend_upper_bound = 0.91  # For top justification
 root::legend_lower_bound = 0.15  # For bottom justification
 root::legend_codes = { 1 : 'upper right',
 root::                 2 : 'upper left',
 root::                 3 : 'lower left',
 root::                 4 : 'lower right',
 root::                 5 : 'right',
 root::                 6 : 'center left',
 root::                 7 : 'center right',
 root::                 8 : 'lower center',
 root::                 9 : 'upper center',
 root::                10 : 'center',
 root::                }
 root::
 root::#### Page numbers
 root::numbering_size_root = 0.03  # Fraction of canvas width
 root::numbering_align_root = 33   # Right-top adjusted
 root::numbering_x_root = 0.97     # Fraction of canvas width
 root::numbering_y_root = 0.985    # Fraction of canvas height
 root::
 root::#### Draw style for TGraph
 root::draw_graph = 'ap'
 root::
 root::#### This code snippet will be executed after the histograms have all
 root::#### been drawn, allowing you to add decorations to the canvas
 root::decoration_root = '''
 root::## Draw a line to indicate a cut
 root::#line = ROOT.TLine(5.,0.,5.,9.e9)
 root::#line.Draw()
 root::## Add a caption
 root::#tt = ROOT.TText()
 root::#tt.DrawTextNDC(0.6, 0.15, "CMS Preliminary")
 root::'''
 mpl:::#### Legend
 mpl:::#### These options will override legend_location, allowing more precise control
 mpl:::## Upper right corner of legend in figure coordinates
 mpl:::legend_figure_bbox = None    # [1.0, 1.0] for legend outside the axes
 mpl:::## Upper right corner of legend in axes coordinates
 mpl:::legend_axes_bbox = None
 mpl:::
 mpl:::#### Page numbers
 mpl:::numbering_size_mpl = 'small'
 mpl:::numbering_ha_mpl = 'right'
 mpl:::numbering_va_mpl = 'top'
 mpl:::numbering_x_mpl = 0.98       # Fraction of canvas width
 mpl:::numbering_y_mpl = 0.98       # Fraction of canvas height
 mpl:::
 mpl:::#### Rotation for text x-axis labels
 mpl:::xlabel_rotation = -15
 mpl:::xlabel_alignment = 'left'
 mpl:::xlabel_alignmenth = 'bottom' # For barh
 mpl:::
 mpl:::#### Convert ROOT symbols to proper LaTeX, for matplotlib plotting
 mpl:::## By default, matplotlib renders only symbols between $'s as TeX, but if
 mpl:::## you enable the 'text.usetex' matplotlibrc setting, then everything is handled
 mpl:::## by the LaTeX engine on your system, in which case you can go wild with TeX.
 mpl:::
 mpl:::## ROOT-type strings on left get replaced with LaTeX strings on the right
 mpl:::replace = [
 mpl:::    # some defaults that should work for most cases
 mpl:::    (' pt '    , r' $p_\mathrm{T}$ '),
 mpl:::    ('pT '     , r'$p_\mathrm{T}$ '),
 mpl:::    (' pT'     , r' $p_\mathrm{T}$'),
 mpl:::    ('p_{T}'   , r'$p_\mathrm{T}$'),
 mpl:::    ('E_{T}'   , r'$E_\mathrm{T}$'),
 mpl:::    ('#eta'    , r'$\eta$'),
 mpl:::    ('#phi'    , r'$\phi$'),
 mpl:::    ('fb^{-1}' , r'$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$'),
 mpl:::    ('pb^{-1}' , r'$\mathrm{pb}^{-1}$'),
 mpl:::    ('<'       , r'$<$'),
 mpl:::    ('>'       , r'$>$'),
 mpl:::    ('#'       , r''),
 mpl:::    ]
 mpl:::
 mpl:::## If you include 'use_regexp' as the first item, the patterns to be replaced
 mpl:::## will function as regular expressions using python's re module rather than
 mpl:::## as simple text.  The example below turn's ROOT's superscript and subscript
 mpl:::## syntax into LaTeX:
 mpl:::
 mpl:::## replace = [
 mpl:::##     ('use_regexp', True),
 mpl:::##     (r'\^\{(.*)\}', r'$^{\1}$'),
 mpl:::##     (r'\_\{(.*)\}', r'$_{\1}$'),
 mpl:::## ]
 mpl:::
 mpl:::#### A function that will be executed after all histograms have been drawn.
 mpl:::#### It can be used to add extra decorations to your figure.
 mpl:::def decoration_mpl(figure, axeses, path, options, hists):
 mpl:::    #### Draw a line to indicate a cut
 mpl:::    ## axeses[0].axvline(5., color='red', linestyle='--')
 mpl:::    #### Add a caption
 mpl:::    ## figure.text(0.6, 0.15, "CMS Preliminary")
 mpl:::    return
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## HTML Output #########################################################
 
 #### Number of columns for images in HTML output
 ncolumns_html = 2
 
 #### Provide a template for the html index files
 html_template=r'''
     <html>
     <head>
     <link rel='shortcut icon' href='http://packages.python.org/rootplot/_static/rootplot.ico'>
     <link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Yanone+Kaffeesatz:bold' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
     <style type='text/css'>
         body { padding: 10px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
                font-size:15px; color:#FFF; font-size: large; 
                background-image: url(
                    'http://packages.python.org/rootplot/_static/tile.jpg');}
         img    { border: solid black 1px; margin:10px; }
         object { border: solid black 1px; margin:10px; }
         h1   { text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px #000;
                font-size:105px; color:#fff; border-bottom: solid black 1px;
                font-size: 300%%; font-family: 'Yanone Kaffeesatz'}
         a, a:active, a:visited {
                color:#FADA00; text-decoration:none; }
         a:hover{ color:#FFFF00; text-decoration:none;
                  text-shadow: 0px 0px 5px #fff; }
     </style>
     <title>%(path)s</title>
     </head>
     <body>
     <a style="" href="http://packages.python.org/rootplot/"><img style="position: absolute; top:10 px; right: 10px; border: 0px" src="http://packages.python.org/rootplot/_static/rootplot-logo.png"></a>
     <h1>Navigation</h1>
       %(back_nav)s
       <ul>
           %(forward_nav)s
       </ul>
     <h1>Images</h1>
     %(plots)s
     <p style='font-size: x-small; text-align: center;'>
       <a href='http://www.greepit.com/resume-template/resume.htm'>
         Based on a template by Sarfraz Shoukat</a></p>
     </body>
     </html>
 '''
 """
 
 multi_call_template = '''
 calls.append("""
 %s
 %s
 """)
 '''
 
 allplots_template = '''
 ## This file contains all the necessary calls to the rootplot API to produce
 ## the same set of plots that were created from the command-line.
 
 ## You can use this file to intercept the objects and manipulate them before
 ## the figure is saved, making any custom changes that are not possible from
 ## the command-line.
 
 ## 'objects' is a python dictionary containing all the elements used in the
 ## plot, including 'hists', 'legend', etc.
 ##   ex: objects['hists'] returns a list of histograms
 
 try:
   ## the normal way to import rootplot
   from rootplot import plot, plotmpl
 except ImportError:
   ## special import for CMSSW installations of rootplot
   from PhysicsTools.PythonAnalysis.rootplot import plot, plotmpl
 
 import os
 os.chdir('..')  # return to the directory with the ROOT files
 
 %(call_statements)s
 '''
 
 allplots_multi_template = '''
 ## This file is the same as allplots.py, except that it uses multiprocessing
 ## to make better use of machines with multiple cores
 
 try:
   ## the normal way to import rootplot
   from rootplot import plot, plotmpl
   from rootplot.core import report_progress
 except ImportError:
   ## special import for CMSSW installations of rootplot
   from PhysicsTools.PythonAnalysis.rootplot import plot, plotmpl
   from PhysicsTools.PythonAnalysis.rootplot.core import report_progress
 import ROOT
 import multiprocessing as multi
 
 import os
 os.chdir('..')  # return to the directory with the ROOT files
 
 calls = []
 
 %(call_statements)s
 
 queue = multi.JoinableQueue()
 qglobals = multi.Manager().Namespace()
 qglobals.nfinished = 0
 qglobals.ntotal = len(calls)
 for call in calls:
     queue.put(call)
 
 def qfunc(queue, qglobals):
     from Queue import Empty
     while True:
         try: mycall = queue.get(timeout=5)
         except (Empty, IOError): break
         exec(mycall)
         ROOT.gROOT.GetListOfCanvases().Clear()
         qglobals.nfinished += 1
         report_progress(qglobals.nfinished, qglobals.ntotal, 
                         '%(output)s', '%(ext)s')
         queue.task_done()
 
 for i in range(%(processors)i):
     p = multi.Process(target=qfunc, args=(queue, qglobals))
     p.daemon = True
     p.start()
 queue.join()
 report_progress(len(calls), len(calls), '%(output)s', '%(ext)s')
 print ''
 '''
 
 ## remove leading blank lines from the templates
 for key, value in globals().items():
     if 'template' in key:
         globals()[key] = value[1:]
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## The Command-Line Interface ##########################################
 
 def cli_rootplotmpl():
     """
     An application for plotting histograms from a ROOT file with |matplotlib|.
 
     It is invoked from the command-line as ``rootplotmpl``.
     """
     global use_mpl
     use_mpl = True
     cli_rootplot()
     
 def cli_rootplot():
     """
     An application for plotting histograms from a ROOT file.
 
     It is invoked from the command-line as ``rootplot``.
     """
     options = parse_arguments(sys.argv[1:])
     optdiff = options.kwarg_list()
     if options.debug:
         rootplot(*options.arguments(), **optdiff)
     else:
         try:
             rootplot(*options.arguments(), **optdiff)
         except Exception as e:
             print("Error:", e)
             print("For usage details, call '%s --help'" % prog)
             sys.exit(1)
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## The Application Programming Interface ###############################
 
 def plotmpl(*args, **kwargs):
     """
     call signature::
 
       plotmpl(file1, file2, file3, ..., target, **kwargs):
 
     build a matplotlib figure, pulling the *target* histogram from each of the
     *files*.
 
     call signature::
 
       plotmpl(file, target1, target2, target3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build a matplotlib figure, pulling all *target* histograms from *file*.
 
     With either of these signatures, the plot style is specified through
     *kwargs*, which can accept any of the options available to
     :mod:`rootplotmpl` at the command-line.
 
     Returns the tuple (*figure*, *axeses*, *stack*, *hists*, *plotpath*).
     """
     global use_mpl
     use_mpl = True
     return plot(*args, **kwargs)
 
 def plot(*args, **kwargs):
     """
     call signature::
 
       plot(file1, file2, file3, ..., target, **kwargs):
 
     build a ROOT canvas, pulling the *target* histogram from each of the
     *files*.
 
     call signature::
 
       plotmpl(file, target1, target2, target3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build a ROOT canvas, pulling all *target* histograms from *file*.
 
     With either of these signatures, the plot style is specified through
     *kwargs*, which can accept any of the options available to
     :mod:`rootplot` at the command-line.
 
     Returns the tuple (*canvas*, *pads*, *stack*, *hists*, *plotpath*).
     """
     hists, options = initialize_hists(args, kwargs)
     if use_mpl:
         return plot_hists_mpl(hists, options)
     else:
         return plot_hists_root(hists, options)
 
 def rootplotmpl(*args, **kwargs):
     """
     call signature::
 
       rootplotmpl(file1, file2, file3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build ROOT canvases from corresponding histograms in each of the *files*.
 
     call signature::
 
       rootplotmpl(file, folder1, folder2, folder3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build ROOT canvases from corresponding histograms in each of the *folders*
     in *file*.
 
     call signature::
 
       rootplotmpl(file, target1, target2, target3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build a ROOT canvas from each of the *targets* in *file*.
 
     With any of these call signatures, images are generated in an output
     directory along with a script with the necessary calls to :func:`plotmpl`
     to reproduce each of the canvases.  The plot style is specified through
     *kwargs*, which can accept any of the options available to
     :mod:`rootplotmpl` at the command-line.
     """
     global use_mpl
     use_mpl = True
     rootplot(args, kwargs)
 
 def rootplot(*args, **kwargs):
     """
     call signature::
 
       rootplot(file1, file2, file3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build ROOT canvases from corresponding histograms in each of the *files*.
 
     call signature::
 
       rootplot(file, folder1, folder2, folder3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build ROOT canvases from corresponding histograms in each of the *folders*
     in *file*.
 
     call signature::
 
       rootplot(file, target1, target2, target3, ..., **kwargs):
 
     build a ROOT canvas from each of the *targets* in *file*.
 
     With any of these call signatures, images are generated in an output
     directory along with a script with the necessary calls to :func:`plot`
     to reproduce each of the canvases.  The plot style is specified through
     *kwargs*, which can accept any of the options available to
     :mod:`rootplot` at the command-line.
     """
     if 'config' in kwargs:
         write_config()
     options = fill_options(args, kwargs, scope='global')
     nfiles = len(options.filenames)
     ntargets = len(options.targets)
     if nfiles < 1:
         raise TypeError("%s takes at least 1 filename argument (0 given)" %
                         prog)
     elif ntargets > 0 and nfiles > 1:
         raise TypeError("%s cannot accept targets (%i given) when "
                         "multiple files are specified (%i given)" %
                         (prog, ntargets, nfiles))
     rootfiles = [RootFile(filename) for filename in options.filenames]
     #### Create the output directory structure
     if not options.noclean and os.path.exists(options.output):
         shutil.rmtree(options.output)
     for path, folders, objects in walk_rootfile('', rootfiles[0], options):
         if not os.path.exists(joined(options.output, path)):
             os.makedirs(joined(options.output, path))
     #### Loop over plots to make, building the necessary calls
     plotargs = get_plot_inputs(rootfiles, options)
     call_lists = []
     ndigits = int(math.log10(len(plotargs))) + 1
     for i, (filenames, targets) in enumerate(plotargs):
         argstring = ', '.join(["'%s'" % x for x in (filenames + targets +
                                                     options.configs)])
         reduced_kwargs = dict(kwargs)
         for key, value in reduced_kwargs.items():
             if key in global_opts:
                 del reduced_kwargs[key]
             elif isinstance(value, str):
                 reduced_kwargs[key] = "'%s'" % value
         if 'numbering' in kwargs:
             reduced_kwargs['numbering'] = i + 1
         optstring = ', '.join(['%s=%s' % (key, value)
                                for key, value in reduced_kwargs.items()])
         if optstring:
             argstring = "%s, %s" % (argstring, optstring)
         plotpath, title, legentries = get_plotpath(filenames, targets)
         savepath = joined(options.output, plotpath)
         if 'numbering' in reduced_kwargs:
             dirs = savepath.split('/')
             dirs[-1] = str(i + 1).zfill(ndigits) + dirs[-1]
             savepath = '/'.join(dirs)
         call_vars = {'argstring' : argstring, 'ext' : options.ext,
                      'savepath' : savepath}
         if use_mpl:
             call_vars['trans'] = options.transparent
             call_vars['dpi'] = options.dpi
             api_call = ("figure, objects = "
                         "plotmpl(%(argstring)s)" % call_vars)
             save_call = ("figure.savefig('%(savepath)s', "
                          "transparent=%(trans)s, "
                          "dpi=%(dpi)s)" % call_vars)
         else:
             api_call = ("canvas, objects = "
                         "plot(%(argstring)s)" % call_vars)
             save_call = "canvas.SaveAs('%(savepath)s.%(ext)s')" % call_vars
         call_lists.append([api_call, save_call])
     #### Create scripts for that make the API calls
     ext = options.ext
     output = options.output
     processors = options.processors
     call_statements = '\n\n'.join([plotcall + '\n' + savecall 
                                    for plotcall, savecall in call_lists])
     allplots_script = allplots_template % locals()
     call_statements = "".join([multi_call_template % (plotcall, savecall) 
                                for plotcall, savecall in call_lists])
     allplots_multi_script = allplots_multi_template % locals()
     write_to_file(allplots_script, joined(options.output, 'allplots.py'))
     write_to_file(allplots_multi_script, 
                  joined(options.output, 'allplots_multi.py'))
     #### Execute the calls
     if use_multiprocessing:
         original_dir = os.getcwd()
         os.chdir(options.output)
         exec(allplots_multi_script)
         os.chdir(original_dir)
     else:
         for i, call_list in enumerate(call_lists):
             make_calls(*call_list)
             report_progress(i + 1, len(plotargs), options.output, options.ext)
         report_progress(len(plotargs), len(plotargs),
                         options.output, options.ext)
         print('')
     ## clean out empty directories
     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(options.output):
         if not os.listdir(root):
             os.rmdir(root)
     ## add index.html files to all directories
     if options.ext in ['png', 'gif', 'svg']:
         print("Writing html index files...")
         width, height = options.size
         if use_mpl:
             width, height = [x * options.dpi for x in options.size]
         for path, dirs, files in os.walk(options.output):
             dirs, files = sorted(dirs), sorted(files)
             make_html_index(path, dirs, files, options.ext,
                             options.html_template, options.ncolumns_html,
                             width, height)
     if options.merge:
         merge_pdf(options)
 
 
 ##############################################################################
 ######## Implementation ######################################################
 
 def write_to_file(script, destination):
     f = open(destination, 'w')
     f.write(script)
     f.close()
 
 def make_calls(api_call, save_call):
     exec(api_call)
     exec(save_call)
 
 def option_diff(default, modified):
     #### Return a dict with the values from modified not present in default.
     diff = {}
     for key in dir(default):
         default_val = getattr(default, key)
         modified_val = getattr(modified, key)
         if (type(default_val) in [int, float, str, bool, type(None)] and
             key in dir(modified) and default_val != modified_val):
             diff[key] = modified_val
     return diff
 
 def config_string():
     s = config_template
     if use_mpl:
         s = re.sub('root::.*\n', '', s)
         s = s.replace('mpl:::', '')
         s = s.replace('%prog', 'rootplotmpl')
     else:
         s = re.sub('mpl:::.*\n', '', s)
         s = s.replace('root::', '')
         s = s.replace('%prog', 'rootplot')
     return s
 
 def write_config():
     if use_mpl:
         filename = 'rootplotmpl_config.py'
     else:
         filename = 'rootplot_config.py'
     f = open(filename, 'w')
     f.write(config_string())
     f.close()
     print("Wrote %s to the current directory" % filename)
     sys.exit(0)
 
 def add_from_config_files(options, configs):
     def append_to_options(config, options):
         for attribute in dir(config):
             if '__' not in attribute:
                 attr = getattr(config, attribute)
                 setattr(options, attribute, attr)
     configdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
     sys.path.insert(0, '')
     sys.path.insert(0, configdir)
     f = open(joined(configdir, 'default_config.py'), 'w')
     f.write(config_string())
     f.close()
     import default_config
     append_to_options(default_config, options)
     if use_mpl:
         rc_name = 'rootplotmplrc'
     else:
         rc_name = 'rootplotrc'
     rc_path = os.path.expanduser('~/.%s' % rc_name)
     if os.path.exists(rc_path):
         print("Using styles and options from ~/.%s" % rc_name)
         shutil.copy(rc_path, joined(configdir, '%s.py' % rc_name))
         configs.insert(0, '%s.py' % rc_name)
     for f in configs:
         user_config = __import__(f[:-3])
         append_to_options(user_config, options)
     shutil.rmtree(configdir)
 
 def walk_rootfile(path, rootfile, options):
     #### Yield (path, folders, objects) for each directory under path.
     keys = rootfile.file.GetDirectory(path).GetListOfKeys()
     folders, objects = [], []
     for key in keys:
         name = key.GetName()
         classname = key.GetClassName()
         newpath = joined(path, name)
         dimension = 0
         matches_path = re.match(options.path, newpath)
         if 'TDirectory' in classname:
             folders.append(name)
         elif ('TH1' in classname or 'TGraph' in classname or
             classname == 'TProfile'):
             dimension = 1
         elif options.draw2D and ('TH2' in classname or 
                                  classname == 'TProfile2D'):
             dimension = 2
         if (matches_path and dimension):
             objects.append(name)
     yield path, folders, objects
     for folder in folders:
         for x in walk_rootfile(joined(path, folder), rootfile, options):
             yield x
         
 def get_plot_inputs(files, options):
     #### Return a list of argument sets to be sent to plot().
     target_lists = []
     if options.targets:
         for path, folders, objects in walk_rootfile('', files[0], options):
             if path == options.targets[0]:
                 #### targets are folders
                 for obj in objects:
                     target_lists.append([joined(t, obj) 
                                          for t in options.targets])
     else:
         target_sets = [set() for f in files]
         for i, f in enumerate(files):
             for path, folders, objects in walk_rootfile('', f, options):
                 for obj in objects:
                     target_sets[i].add(joined(path, obj))
         target_set = target_sets[0]
         for s in target_sets:
             target_set &= s
         target_lists = [[t] for t in target_set]
     if not target_lists:
         return [(options.filenames, options.targets)]
     else:
         return [(options.filenames, list(t)) for t in target_lists]
 
 def fill_options(args, kwargs, scope):
     options = parse_arguments(args, scope=scope)
     for key, value in kwargs.items():
         options[key] = value
     options.process_configs(scope=scope)
     options.size = parse_size(options.size)
     options.split = options.ratio_split or options.efficiency_split
     options.ratio = (options.ratio or options.efficiency or
                      options.ratio_split or options.efficiency_split)
     options.efficiency = options.efficiency or options.efficiency_split
     if len(options.filenames) > 1 or len(options.targets) > 1:
         options.draw2D = None
     return options
 
 def plot_hists_root(hists, options):
     #### Create a plot.
     canvas = ROOT.TCanvas("canvas", "", 
                           int(options.size[0]), int(options.size[1]))
     isTGraph = 'TGraph' in hists[0].rootclass
     objects = {'pads': [canvas]}
     if options.ratio:
         if options.split:
             objects['pads'] = divide_canvas(canvas, options.ratio_fraction)
             objects['pads'][0].cd()
         else:
             hists = make_ratio_hists(hists, options, options.ratio - 1)
             isTGraph = True
     if options.xerr:
         ROOT.gStyle.SetErrorX()
     histmax, first_draw, roothists = None, True, []
     if isTGraph:
         objects['multigraph'] = ROOT.TMultiGraph()
     else:
         objects['stack'] = ROOT.THStack(
             'st%s' % os.path.basename(options.plotpath),
             '%s;%s;%s' % (hists[0].title,
                           hists[0].xlabel, hists[0].ylabel))
     for i, hist in enumerate(hists):
         if not hist: continue
         name = "%s_%i" % (options.plotpath, i)
         if isTGraph:
             roothist = hist.TGraph(name=name)
         elif isinstance(hist, Hist):
             roothist = hist.TH1F(name=name.replace('/', '__'))
         else:
             roothist = hist.TH2F(name=name)
         roothist.SetLineStyle(options.line_styles[i])
         roothist.SetLineColor(options.line_colors[i])
         roothist.SetFillColor(options.fill_colors[i])
         roothist.SetMarkerColor(options.marker_colors[i])
         roothist.SetFillStyle(options.fill_styles[i])
         roothist.SetMarkerStyle(options.marker_styles[i])
         roothist.SetMarkerSize(options.marker_sizes[i])
         roothists.append(roothist)
         if (isinstance(hist, Hist) and not isTGraph and 
             'stack' in options.draw_commands[i]):
             objects['stack'].Add(roothist)
     if 'stack' in objects and objects['stack'].GetHists():
         histmax = objects['stack'].GetMaximum()
     for roothist in roothists:
         histmax = max(histmax, roothist.GetMaximum())
     dimension = 1
     if isinstance(hist, Hist2D):
         dimension = 2
     if options.gridx or options.grid:
         for pad in objects['pads']:
             pad.SetGridx(not pad.GetGridx())
     if options.gridy or options.grid:
         objects['pads'][0].SetGridy(not objects['pads'][0].GetGridy())
     objects['legend'] = ROOT.TLegend(*parse_legend_root(options))
     for com in options.draw_commands:
         if 'stack' in com:
             first_draw = prep_first_draw(objects['stack'], histmax, options)
             com = com.replace('stack', '')
             objects['stack'].Draw(com)
             break
     for i, roothist in enumerate(roothists):
         if isTGraph:
             objects['multigraph'].Add(roothist)
         elif dimension == 1:
             if 'stack' not in options.draw_commands[i]:
                 if first_draw:
                     first_draw = prep_first_draw(roothist, histmax, options)
                     roothist.Draw(options.draw_commands[i])
                 else:
                     roothist.Draw("same " + options.draw_commands[i])
         else:
             roothist.Draw(options.draw2D)
         legendopt = 'lp'
         if options.fill_styles[i]: legendopt += 'f'
         if 'e' in options.draw_commands[i]: legendopt += 'e'
         objects['legend'].AddEntry(roothist, options.legend_entries[i],
                                    legendopt)
     if isTGraph:
         objects['multigraph'].Draw(options.draw_graph)
         prep_first_draw(objects['multigraph'], histmax, options)
         objects['multigraph'].Draw(options.draw_graph)
     if options.split and dimension == 1:
         objects['pads'][1].cd()
         objects['ratio_multigraph'] = plot_ratio_root(
             hists, roothist.GetXaxis().GetTitle(), options)
         xmin = hists[0].xedges[0]
         xmax = hists[0].xedges[-1]
         objects['ratio_multigraph'].GetXaxis().SetRangeUser(xmin, xmax)
         objects['pads'][0].cd()
     if options.logx:
         for pad in objects['pads']:
             pad.SetLogx(True)
     if options.logy:
         objects['pads'][0].SetLogy(True)
     if options.ratio_logy:
         if len(objects['pads']) > 1:
             objects['pads'][1].SetLogy(True)
     if options.numbering:
         display_page_number(options)
     if roothist.InheritsFrom('TH1'):
         if options.overflow:
             display_overflow(objects['stack'], roothist)
         if options.underflow:
             display_underflow(objects['stack'], roothist)
     if options.legend_location and dimension == 1:
         objects['legend'].Draw()
     exec(options.decoration_root)
     objects['hists'] = roothists
     return canvas, objects
 
 def plot_hists_mpl(hists, options):
     #### Create a plot.
     fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=options.size)
     fig.clf()     # clear figure
     axes = plt.axes()
     objects = {'axes' : [axes, axes]}
     if options.ratio:
         if options.split:
             objects['axes'] = divide_axes(fig, axes, options.ratio_fraction)
             axes = objects['axes'][0]
             fig.sca(axes)
         else:
             hists = make_ratio_hists(hists, options, options.ratio - 1)
     refhist = hists[0]
     if refhist is None:
         refhist = hists[1]
     fullstack, objects['stack'] = HistStack(), HistStack()
     histmax, allempty = None, True
     for i, hist in enumerate(hists):
         if hist and hist.entries:
             allempty = False
         if isinstance(hist, Hist):
             # Avoid errors due to zero bins with log y axis
             if options.logy and options.plot_styles[i] != 'errorbar':
                 for j in range(hist.nbins):
                     hist.y[j] = max(hist.y[j], 1e-10)
             if options.plot_styles[i] in ['barh', 'barcluster', 'stack']:
                 objects['stack'].add(hist, log=options.logy,
                                      hatch=options.fill_styles[i],
                                      linestyle=options.line_styles[i],
                                      edgecolor=options.line_colors[i],
                                      facecolor=options.fill_colors[i])
             fullstack.add(hist)
     if 'stack' in options.plot_styles:
         histmax = max(histmax, objects['stack'].stackmax())
     elif 'barh' in options.plot_styles or 'barcluster' in options.plot_styles:
         histmax = max(histmax, objects['stack'].max())
     for hist in fullstack:
         histmax = max(histmax, max(hist))
     if allempty:
         fig.text(0.5, 0.5, "No Entries", ha='center', va='center')
     elif isinstance(refhist, Hist):
         for i, hist in enumerate(hists):
             if hist:
                 if options.plot_styles[i] == "errorbar":
                     if options.logy:
                         axes.set_yscale('log')
                         # Logy would fail if hist all zeroes
                         if not np.nonzero(hist.y)[0].tolist():
                             continue
                         # Errorbars get messed up when they extend down to zero
                         for j in range(hist.nbins):
                             yerr = hist.yerr[0][j]
                             if (hist[j] - yerr) < (0.01 * yerr):
                                 hist.yerr[0][j] *= 0.99
                     hist.errorbar(fmt=options.marker_styles[i],
                                   yerr=True,
                                   xerr=options.xerr,
                                   markersize=options.marker_sizes[i],
                                   color=options.fill_colors[i],
                                   ecolor=options.errorbar_colors[i],
                                   label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                                   label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignment)
                 elif options.plot_styles[i] == "bar":
                     hist.bar(alpha=options.alphas[i], 
                              log=options.logy,
                              width=options.barwidth,
                              hatch=options.fill_styles[i],
                              edgecolor=options.line_colors[i],
                              facecolor=options.fill_colors[i],
                              label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                              label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignment)
                 elif 'hist' in options.plot_styles[i]:
                     histtype = 'step'
                     if 'fill' in options.plot_styles[i]:
                         histtype = 'stepfilled'
                     hist.hist(alpha=options.alphas[i],
                               histtype=histtype,
                               log=options.logy,
                               hatch=options.fill_styles[i],
                               edgecolor=options.line_colors[i],
                               facecolor=options.fill_colors[i],
                               label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                               label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignment)
                 if options.logx:
                     for ax in objects['axes']:
                         ax.set_xscale('log')
         if objects['stack'].hists:
             if 'stack' in options.plot_styles:
                 objects['stack'].histstack(
                     histtype='stepfilled',
                     label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                     label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignment)
             elif 'barh' in options.plot_styles:
                 objects['stack'].barh(
                     width=options.barwidth,
                     label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                     label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignmenth)
             elif 'barcluster' in options.plot_styles:
                 objects['stack'].barcluster(
                     width=options.barwidth,
                     label_rotation=options.xlabel_rotation,
                     label_alignment=options.xlabel_alignment)
         if 'barh' not in options.plot_styles:
             axes.set_xlim(refhist.xedges[0], refhist.xedges[-1])
         if options.logy:
             my_min = fullstack.min(threshold=1.1e-10)
             rounded_min = 1e100
             while (rounded_min > my_min):
                 rounded_min /= 10
             axes.set_ylim(ymin=rounded_min)
         if options.xmin is not None:
             axes.set_xlim(xmin=options.xmin)
         if options.xmax is not None:
             axes.set_xlim(xmax=options.xmax)
         if options.ymin is not None:
             axes.set_ylim(ymin=options.ymin)
         if options.ymax is not None:
             axes.set_ylim(ymax=options.ymax)
         elif ('barh' not in options.plot_styles and 
               histmax != 0 and not options.ymax):
             axes.set_ylim(ymax=histmax * options.top_padding_factor)
         if options.overflow:
             axes.text(hist.x[-1], axes.set_ylim()[0], options.overflow_text,
                       rotation='vertical', ha='center',
                       alpha=options.overflow_alpha, size=options.overflow_size)
         if options.underflow:
             axes.text(hist.x[0], axes.set_ylim()[0], options.underflow_text,
                       rotation='vertical', ha='center',
                       alpha=options.overflow_alpha, size=options.overflow_size)
         if options.gridx or options.grid:
             axes.xaxis.grid()
         if options.gridy or options.grid:
             axes.yaxis.grid()
         if (options.legend_location != 'None' or options.legend_axes_bbox or 
             options.legend_figure_bbox):
             try:
                 options.legend_location = int(options.legend_location)
             except ValueError:
                 pass
             if options.legend_axes_bbox:
                 kwargs = {'bbox_to_anchor' : options.legend_axes_bbox}
             elif options.legend_figure_bbox:
                 kwargs = {'bbox_to_anchor' : options.legend_figure_bbox,
                           'bbox_transform' : fig.transFigure}
             else:
                 kwargs = {'loc' : options.legend_location}
             if options.legend_ncols:
                 kwargs['ncol'] = int(options.legend_ncols)
             objects['legend'] = axes.legend(numpoints=1, **kwargs)
     elif isinstance(refhist, Hist2D):
         drawfunc = getattr(hist, options.draw2D)
         if 'col' in options.draw2D:
             if options.cmap:
                 drawfunc(cmap=options.cmap)
             else:
                 drawfunc()
         else:
             drawfunc(color=options.fill_colors[0])
     axes.set_title(r2m.replace(refhist.title, options.replace))
     if 'barh' in options.plot_styles:
         set_ylabel = objects['axes'][1].set_xlabel
         set_xlabel = axes.set_ylabel
     else:
         set_ylabel = axes.set_ylabel
         set_xlabel = objects['axes'][1].set_xlabel
     if options.ratio and not options.split and not options.ylabel:
         ratio_file = options.legend_entries[options.ratio - 1]
         if options.efficiency:
             set_ylabel(options.efficiency_label % locals())
         else:
             set_ylabel(options.ratio_label % locals())
     else:
         set_ylabel(r2m.replace(refhist.ylabel, options.replace))
     set_xlabel(r2m.replace(refhist.xlabel, options.replace))
     if options.split:
         fig.sca(objects['axes'][1])
         plot_ratio_mpl(objects['axes'][1], hists, options)
         fig.sca(objects['axes'][0])
     if options.numbering:
         fig.text(options.numbering_x_mpl, options.numbering_y_mpl,
                  options.numbering, size=options.numbering_size_mpl,
                  ha=options.numbering_ha_mpl, va=options.numbering_va_mpl)
     options.decoration_mpl(fig, objects['axes'], options.plotpath,
                            options, hists)
     objects['hists'] = hists
     return fig, objects
 
 def initialize_hists(args, kwargs):
     options = fill_options(args, kwargs, scope='plot')
     if use_mpl:
         load_matplotlib(options.ext)
     nfiles = len(options.filenames)
     ntargets = len(options.targets)
     if nfiles < 1:
         raise TypeError("plot() takes at least 1 filename argument (0 given)")
     elif ntargets > 1 and nfiles > 1:
         raise TypeError("plot() takes exactly 1 target (%i given) when "
                         "multiple files are specified (%i given)" %
                         (nfiles, ntargets))
     options.nhists = max(nfiles, ntargets)
     process_options(options)
     files = [RootFile(filename) for filename in options.filenames]
     hists = []
     stack_integral = 0.
     for i, (f, target) in enumerate(cartesian_product(files, options.targets)):
         try:
             roothist = f.file.Get(target)
         except ReferenceError:
             hists.append(None)
             continue
         try:
             isTGraph = not roothist.InheritsFrom('TH1')
         except TypeError:
             raise TypeError("'%s' does not appear to be a valid target" %
                             target)
         dimension = 1
         if use_mpl:
             stacked = 'stack' in options.plot_styles[i]
         else:
             stacked = 'stack' in options.draw_commands[i]
         if not isTGraph:
             dimension = roothist.GetDimension()
             roothist.Scale(options.scale[i])
             if options.rebin:
                 roothist.Rebin(options.rebin)
         title, xlabel, ylabel = get_labels(roothist, options)
         if options.normalize:
             norm_file = options.legend_entries[options.normalize - 1]
             ylabel = options.target_normalized_title % locals()
         if options.area_normalize:
             ylabel = options.area_normalized_title
         if dimension == 1:
             hist = Hist(roothist, label=options.legend_entries[i],
                         title=title, xlabel=xlabel, ylabel=ylabel)
         else:
             hist = Hist2D(roothist, label=options.legend_entries[i],
                           title=title, xlabel=xlabel, ylabel=ylabel)
         if stacked:
             stack_integral += roothist.Integral()
         roothist.Delete()
         hists.append(hist)
     for i, hist in enumerate(hists):
         if use_mpl:
             stacked = 'stack' in options.plot_styles[i]
         else:
             stacked = 'stack' in options.draw_commands[i]
         if dimension == 1:
             if options.overflow:
                 hist.y[-1] += hist.overflow
             if options.underflow:
                 hist.y[0] += hist.underflow
             if options.area_normalize:
                 if sum(hist.y):
                     if stacked:
                         hist.scale(1./stack_integral)
                     else:
                         hist.scale(1./sum(hist.y))
             if options.normalize:
                 numerhist = hists[options.normalize - 1]
                 if options.norm_range:
                     lowbin, highbin = parse_range(hist.xedges,
                                                   options.norm_range)
                     numer = numerhist.TH1F().Integral(lowbin, highbin)
                     denom = hist.TH1F().Integral(lowbin, highbin)
                 else:
                     numer = sum(numerhist.y)
                     denom = sum(hist.y)
                     if stacked:
                         denom = stack_integral
                 if denom:
                     hist.scale(numer / denom)
     return hists, options
 
 def parse_size(size_option):
     #### Return a width and height parsed from size_option.
     try:
         xpos = size_option.find('x')
         return float(size_option[:xpos]), float(size_option[xpos+1:])
     except TypeError:
         return size_option
 
 def parse_color(color, tcolor=False):
     #### Return an rgb tuple or a ROOT TColor from a ROOT color index or
     #### an rgb(a) tuple.
     if color is None:
         return None
     elif color == 'none' or color == 'None':
         return 'none'
     r, g, b = 0, 0, 0
     try:
         color = ROOT.gROOT.GetColor(color)
         r, g, b = color.GetRed(), color.GetGreen(), color.GetBlue()
     except TypeError:
         try:
             if max(color) > 1.:
                 color = [x/256. for x in color][0:3]
         except TypeError:
             pass
         try:
             color = mpal.colors.colorConverter.to_rgb(color)
         except NameError:
             pass
         r, g, b = color[0:3]
     if tcolor:
         return ROOT.TColor.GetColor(r, g, b)
     return (r, g, b)
 
 def get_labels(hist, options):
     #### Return the appropriate histogram and axis titles for hist.
     title = hist.GetTitle().split(';')[0]
     xlabel = hist.GetXaxis().GetTitle()
     ylabel = hist.GetYaxis().GetTitle()
     if options.title:
         if options.title.startswith('+'):
             title += options.title[1:]
         else:
             title = options.title
     if options.xlabel:
         if options.xlabel.startswith('+'):
             xlabel += options.xlabel[1:]
         else:
             xlabel = options.xlabel
     if options.ylabel:
         if options.ylabel.startswith('+'):
             ylabel += options.ylabel[1:]
         else:
             ylabel = options.ylabel
     return title, xlabel, ylabel
 
 def report_progress(counter, nplots, output, ext, divisor=1):
     #### Print the current number of finished plots.
     if counter % divisor == 0:
         print(("\r%i plots of %i written to %s/ in %s format" %
               (counter, nplots, output, ext)), end=' ')
         sys.stdout.flush()
 
 def merge_pdf(options):
     #### Merge together all the produced plots into one pdf file.
     destination = joined(options.output, 'allplots.pdf')
     paths = []
     for path, dirs, files in os.walk(options.output):
         paths += [joined(path, x) for x in files if x.endswith('.pdf')]
     if not paths:
         print("No output files, so no merged pdf was made")
         return
     print("Writing %s..." % destination)
     os.system('gs -q -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite '
               '-dAutoRotatePages=/All '
               '-sOutputFile=%s %s' % (destination, ' '.join(paths)))
 
 def display_page_number(options):
     #### Add a page number to the top corner of the canvas.
     page_text = ROOT.TText()
     page_text.SetTextSize(options.numbering_size_root)
     page_text.SetTextAlign(options.numbering_align_root)
     page_text.DrawTextNDC(options.numbering_x_root, options.numbering_y_root,
                           '%i' % options.numbering)
 
 def display_overflow(stack, hist):
     #### Add the overflow to the last bin and print 'Overflow' on the bin.
     nbins = hist.GetNbinsX()
     x = 0.5 * (hist.GetBinLowEdge(nbins) +
                hist.GetBinLowEdge(nbins + 1))
     y = stack.GetMinimum('nostack')
     display_bin_text(x, y, nbins, 'Overflow')
 
 def display_underflow(stack, hist):
     #### Add the underflow to the first bin and print 'Underflow' on the bin.
     nbins = hist.GetNbinsX()
     x = 0.5 * (hist.GetBinLowEdge(1) +
                hist.GetBinLowEdge(2))
     y = stack.GetMinimum('nostack')
     display_bin_text(x, y, nbins, 'Underflow')
 
 def display_bin_text(x, y, nbins, text):
     #### Overlay TEXT on this bin.
     bin_text = ROOT.TText()
     bin_text.SetTextSize(min(1. / nbins, 0.04))
     bin_text.SetTextAlign(12)
     bin_text.SetTextAngle(90)
     bin_text.SetTextColor(13)
     bin_text.SetTextFont(42)
     bin_text.DrawText(x, y, text)
 
 def prep_first_draw(hist, histmax, options):
     #### Set all the pad attributes that depend on the first object drawn.
     hist.SetMaximum(histmax * options.top_padding_factor)
     if options.xmin is not None and options.xmax is not None:
         hist.GetXaxis().SetRangeUser(options.xmin, options.xmax)
     elif options.xmin is not None:
         original_max = hist.GetBinLowEdge(hist.GetNbinsX() + 1)
         hist.GetXaxis().SetRangeUser(options.xmin, original_max)
     elif options.xmax is not None:
         original_min = hist.GetBinLowEdge(1)
         hist.GetXaxis().SetRangeUser(original_min, options.xmax)
     if options.ymin is not None:
         hist.SetMinimum(options.ymin)
     if options.ymax is not None:
         hist.SetMaximum(options.ymax)
     if options.ratio:
         if options.split:
             hist.Draw()
             hist.GetXaxis().SetBinLabel(1, '') # Don't show tick labels
             if ';' in hist.GetTitle():
                 # dealing with bug in THStack title handling
                 titles = hist.GetTitle().split(';')
                 if len(titles) > 1: titles[1] = ''
                 hist.SetTitle(';'.join(titles))
             else:
                 hist.GetXaxis().SetTitle('')
             ## Avoid overlap of y-axis numbers by supressing zero
             if (not options.logy and
                 hist.GetMaximum() > 0 and
                 hist.GetMinimum() / hist.GetMaximum() < 0.25):
                 hist.SetMinimum(hist.GetMaximum() / 10000)
         else:
             ratio_file = options.legend_entries[options.ratio - 1]
             if options.efficiency:
                 hist.GetYaxis().SetTitle(options.efficiency_label % locals())
             else:
                 hist.GetYaxis().SetTitle(options.ratio_label % locals())
     return False
 
 def divide_canvas(canvas, ratio_fraction):
     #### Divide the canvas into two pads; the bottom is ratio_fraction tall.
     ## Both pads are set to the full canvas size to maintain font sizes
     ## Fill style 4000 used to ensure pad transparency because of this
     margins = [ROOT.gStyle.GetPadTopMargin(), ROOT.gStyle.GetPadBottomMargin()]
     useable_height = 1 - (margins[0] + margins[1])
     canvas.Clear()
     pad = ROOT.TPad('mainPad', 'mainPad', 0., 0., 1., 1.)
     pad.SetFillStyle(4000)
     pad.Draw()
     pad.SetBottomMargin(margins[1] + ratio_fraction * useable_height)
     pad_ratio = ROOT.TPad('ratioPad', 'ratioPad', 0., 0., 1., 1.);
     pad_ratio.SetFillStyle(4000)
     pad_ratio.Draw()
     pad_ratio.SetTopMargin(margins[0] + (1 - ratio_fraction) * useable_height)
     return pad, pad_ratio
 
 def divide_axes(fig, axes, ratio_fraction):
     #### Create two subaxes, the lower one taking up ratio_fraction of total.
     x1, y1, x2, y2 = axes.get_position().get_points().flatten().tolist()
     width = x2 - x1
     height = y2 - y1
     lower_height = height * ratio_fraction
     upper_height = height - lower_height
     lower_axes = fig.add_axes([x1, y1, width, lower_height], axisbg='None')
     upper_axes = fig.add_axes([x1, y1 + lower_height, width, upper_height],
                               axisbg='None', sharex=lower_axes)
     ## Make original axes and the upper ticklabels invisible
     axes.set_xticks([])
     axes.set_yticks([])
     plt.setp(upper_axes.get_xticklabels(), visible=False)
     return upper_axes, lower_axes
 
 def make_ratio_hists(hists, options, ratio_index):
     denom = hists[ratio_index]
     if options.efficiency:
         ratios = [hist.divide_wilson(denom) for hist in hists]
     else:
         ratios = [hist.divide(denom) for hist in hists]        
     ratios[ratio_index] = None
     return ratios
 
 def plot_ratio_root(hists, xlabel, options):
     #### Plot the ratio of each hist in hists to the ratio_indexth hist.
     ratio_index = options.ratio - 1
     ratio_file = options.legend_entries[ratio_index]
     if options.efficiency:
         ylabel = options.efficiency_label % locals()
     else:
         ylabel = options.ratio_label % locals()
     multigraph = ROOT.TMultiGraph("ratio_multi",
                                   ";%s;%s" % (xlabel, ylabel))
     if options.stack and options.data:
         numerator = hists[ratio_index]
         hists = hists[:]
         hists.pop(ratio_index)
         denominator = hists[0]
         for hist in hists[1:]:
             denominator += hist
         hists = [numerator, denominator]
         ratio_index = 1
     for i, ratio_hist in enumerate(make_ratio_hists(hists, options, 
                                                     ratio_index)):
         if i == ratio_index:
             continue
         graph = ratio_hist.TGraph()
         graph.SetLineColor(options.line_colors[i])
         graph.SetMarkerColor(options.marker_colors[i])
         graph.SetMarkerStyle(options.marker_styles[i])
         graph.SetMarkerSize(options.marker_sizes[i])
         multigraph.Add(graph)
     multigraph.Draw(options.draw_graph)
     multigraph.GetYaxis().SetNdivisions(507) # Avoids crowded labels
     if options.ratio_max is not None: multigraph.SetMaximum(options.ratio_max)
     if options.ratio_min is not None: multigraph.SetMinimum(options.ratio_min)
     multigraph.Draw(options.draw_graph)
     return multigraph
 
 def plot_ratio_mpl(axes, hists, options):
     #### Plot the ratio of each hist in hists to the ratio_indexth hist.
     ratio_index = options.ratio - 1
     stack = HistStack()
     if options.stack and options.data:
         numerator = hists[ratio_index]
         hists = hists[:]
         hists.pop(ratio_index)
         denominator = hists[0]
         for hist in hists[1:]:
             denominator += hist
         hists = [numerator, denominator]
         ratio_index = 1
     for i, ratio_hist in enumerate(make_ratio_hists(hists, options, 
                                                     ratio_index)):
         if i == ratio_index:
             continue
         ratio_hist.y = [item or 0 for item in ratio_hist.y] ## Avoid gaps
         stack.add(ratio_hist, fmt=options.marker_styles[i],
                   color=options.fill_colors[i],
                   ecolor=options.errorbar_colors[i])
     if options.ratio_logy:
         axes.set_yscale('log')
     stack.errorbar(yerr=True)
     axes.yaxis.set_major_locator(
         mpl.ticker.MaxNLocator(nbins=5, steps=[1, 2, 5, 10]))
     if options.ratio_max is not None: axes.set_ylim(ymax=options.ratio_max)
     if options.ratio_min is not None: axes.set_ylim(ymin=options.ratio_min)
     ratio_file = options.legend_entries[ratio_index]
     if options.efficiency:
         axes.set_ylabel(options.efficiency_label % locals())
     else:
         axes.set_ylabel(options.ratio_label % locals())
     axes.yaxis.tick_right()
     axes.yaxis.set_label_position('right')
     axes.yaxis.label.set_rotation(-90)
 
 def make_html_index(path, dirs, files, filetype, template, ncolumns, 
                     width, height):
     files = [x for x in files if x.endswith(filetype)]
     output_file = open(joined(path, 'index.html'), 'w')
     previous_dirs = [x for x in path.split('/') if x]
     ndirs = len(previous_dirs)
     back_nav = ['<a href="%s">%s</a>' %
                 ('../' * (ndirs - i - 1) + 'index.html', previous_dirs[i])
                 for i in range(ndirs)]
     back_nav = '/'.join(back_nav) + '/'
     forward_nav = ['<li><a href="%s/index.html">%s</a>/</li>' % (x, x)
                    for x in dirs]
     forward_nav = '\n    '.join(forward_nav)
     imgtemplate = '<a name="%(plot)s"><a href="index.html#%(plot)s">'
     if filetype.lower() == 'svg':
         imgtemplate += ('<object type="image/svg+xml" data="%(plot)s" '
                         'width=%(width)i height=%(height)i></object>')
     else:
         imgtemplate += '<img src="%(plot)s" height=%(height)i width=%(width)i>'
     imgtemplate += '</a></a>'
     plots = '\n'
     for plot in files:
         plots += imgtemplate % locals() + '\n'
     plots = re.sub('((\\n<a.*){%i})' % ncolumns, r'\1<br>', plots)
     output_file.write(template % locals())
     output_file.close()
     
 def parse_range(xedges, expression):
     #### Returns the indices of the low and high bins indicated in expression.
     closest = lambda l,y: l.index(min(l, key=lambda x:abs(x-y)))
     match = re.match(r'([^x]*)x([^x]*)', expression)
     lower, upper = float(match.group(1)), float(match.group(2))
     lowbin = closest(xedges, lower) + 1
     highbin = closest(xedges, upper)
     return lowbin, highbin
 
 def parse_legend_root(options):
     #### Return the corners to use for the legend based on options.
     legend_height = min(options.legend_entry_height * options.nhists + 0.02,
                         options.max_legend_height)
     if isinstance(options.legend_location, int):
         options.legend_location = options.legend_codes[options.legend_location]
     elif options.legend_location.lower() == 'none':
         options.legend_location = None
     if options.legend_location:
         if 'upper' in options.legend_location:
             top = options.legend_upper_bound
             bottom = options.legend_upper_bound - legend_height
         elif 'lower' in options.legend_location:
             bottom = options.legend_lower_bound
             top = options.legend_lower_bound + legend_height
         else:
             top = 0.5 + legend_height / 2
             bottom = 0.5 - legend_height / 2
         if 'left' in options.legend_location:
             left = options.legend_left_bound
             right = options.legend_left_bound + options.legend_width
         elif 'right' in options.legend_location:
             right = options.legend_right_bound
             left = options.legend_right_bound - options.legend_width
         else:
             right = 0.5 + options.legend_width / 2
             left = 0.5 - options.legend_width / 2
         return [left, bottom, right, top]
     return [0, 0, 0, 0]
 
 def load_matplotlib(ext):
     if 'mpl' not in globals().keys():
         global r2m, mpl, np, plt
         try:
             import matplotlib as mpl
         except ImportError:
             print("Unable to access matplotlib")
             sys.exit(1)
         import numpy as np
         mpldict = {'png' : 'AGG',
                    'pdf' : 'PDF',
                    'ps'  : 'PS',
                    'svg' : 'SVG'}
         if ext not in mpldict:
             raise ValueError("%s is not an output type recognized by "
                              "matplotlib" % ext)
         mpl.use(mpldict[ext])
         global Hist, Hist2D, HistStack
         import rootplot.root2matplotlib as r2m
         from rootplot.root2matplotlib import Hist, Hist2D, HistStack
         import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
 def samebase(targets):
     for target in targets:
         if os.path.basename(target) != os.path.basename(targets[0]):
             return False
     return True
 
 def allsame(targets):
     for target in targets:
         if target != targets[0]:
             return False
     return True
 
 def diffpart(targets):
     targets = [target.split('/') for target in targets]
     for i in range(len(targets[0])):
         for target in targets:
             if target[i] != targets[0][i]:
                 return ['/'.join(target[i:]) for target in targets]
 
 def get_plotpath(filenames, targets):
     if len(targets) >= 2:
         diffs = diffpart(targets)
         if not allsame([d.split('/')[-1] for d in diffs]):
             plotpath = 'plot'
             title = 'plot'
             legentries = diffs
         else:
             plotpath = '/'.join(diffs[0].split('/')[1:])
             title = diffs[0].split('/')[-1]
             legentries = [d.split('/')[0] for d in diffs]
     else:
         plotpath = targets[0]
         title = ''
         legentries = [f[:-5] for f in filenames]
     return plotpath, title, legentries
 
 def process_options(options):
     #### Refine options for this specific plot, based on plotname
     def comma_separator(obj, objtype, nhists):
         #### Split a comma-separated string into a list.
         if isinstance(obj, list):
             return obj
         if isinstance(obj, str) and ',' in obj:
             try:
                 return [objtype(x) for x in obj.split(',')]
             except TypeError:
                 return [eval(objtype)(x) for x in obj.split(',')]
         try:
             return [objtype(obj) for i in range(nhists)]
         except TypeError:
             return [eval(objtype)(obj) for i in range(nhists)]
     nhists = options.nhists
     if options.targets:
         plotpath, title, legentries = get_plotpath(options.filenames,
                                                    options.targets)
         options.plotpath = plotpath
         if not options.title:
             options.title = title
         if not options.legend_entries:
             options.legend_entries = legentries
         options.legend_entries = comma_separator(options.legend_entries,
                                                  str, nhists)
     options.scale = comma_separator(options.scale, float, nhists)
     if options.efficiency_split: options.ratio_max = 1.
     if nhists > 1: options.draw2D = None
     if use_mpl:
         plot_style = 'histfill'
         if options.bar: plot_style = 'bar'
         elif options.barh: plot_style = 'barh'
         elif options.barcluster: plot_style = 'barcluster'
         elif options.errorbar: plot_style = 'errorbar'
         elif options.hist: plot_style = 'hist'
         elif options.histfill: plot_style = 'histfill'
         if options.stack: plot_style = 'stack'
     if not options.markers and use_mpl:
         options.marker_styles = ['o' for i in range(nhists)]
     if not options.line_colors:
         options.line_colors = options.colors
     if not options.fill_colors:
         options.fill_colors = options.colors
     if not options.marker_colors:
         options.marker_colors = options.colors
     if use_mpl:
         if not options.line_styles:
             options.line_styles = ['solid' for i in range(nhists)]
         if not options.plot_styles:
             options.plot_styles = [plot_style for i in range(nhists)]
         if not options.errorbar_colors:
             options.errorbar_colors = [None for i in range(nhists)]
         if not options.alphas:
             options.alphas = [options.alpha for i in range(nhists)]
     else:
         if not options.line_styles:
             options.line_styles = [1 for i in range(nhists)]
         if not options.draw_commands:
             if options.stack:
                 options.draw_commands = ['stack ' + options.draw
                                          for i in range(nhists)]
             else:
                 options.draw_commands = [options.draw
                                          for i in range(nhists)]
     if not options.fill_styles:
         if use_mpl:
             options.fill_styles = [None for i in range(nhists)]
         else:
             if options.fill:
                 options.fill_styles = [1001 for i in range(nhists)]
             else:
                 options.fill_styles = [0 for i in range(nhists)]
     if not options.marker_sizes:
         if options.markers:
             if use_mpl: size = mpl.rcParams['lines.markersize']
             else: size = ROOT.gStyle.GetMarkerSize()
         else:
             size = 0
         options.marker_sizes = [size for i in range(nhists)]
     if options.data:
         i = options.data - 1
         options.line_styles[i] = options.data_linestyle
         options.line_colors[i] = options.data_color
         options.fill_colors[i] = options.data_color
         options.marker_colors[i] = options.data_color
         if use_mpl:
             options.plot_styles[i] = 'errorbar'
         else:
             options.fill_styles[i] = 0
             options.draw_commands[i] = 'e'
         options.marker_styles[i] = options.data_marker
         if not options.marker_sizes[i]:
             if use_mpl:
                 options.marker_sizes[i] = mpl.rcParams['lines.markersize']
             else:
                 options.marker_sizes[i] = ROOT.gStyle.GetMarkerSize()
         if nhists == 2 and options.mc_color:
             options.fill_colors[(i+1)%2] = options.mc_color
     for opt in [x for x in options.keys() if 'colors' in x]:
         try:
             colors = options[opt]
             options[opt] = [parse_color(x, not use_mpl) for x in colors]
         except AttributeError:
             pass
     if options.targets:
         #### Apply extra options based on hist name
         plotname = os.path.basename(options.plotpath)
         for option, value, regexes in options.options_by_histname:
             for regex in regexes:
                 if re.match(regex, plotname):
                     setattr(options, option, value)
         #### Final setup
         if options.logy:
             if options.ymin <= 0:
                 options.ymin = None
             options.top_padding_factor = options.top_padding_factor_log
 
 def cartesian_product(*args, **kwds):
     # product('ABCD', 'xy') --> Ax Ay Bx By Cx Cy Dx Dy
     # product(range(2), repeat=3) --> 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
     pools = map(tuple, args) * kwds.get('repeat', 1)
     result = [[]]
     for pool in pools:
         result = [x+[y] for x in result for y in pool]
     for prod in result:
         yield tuple(prod)
 
 def parse_arguments(argv, scope='global'):
     if use_mpl:
         import matplotlib as mpl
         figsize = 'x'.join([str(x) for x in mpl.rcParams['figure.figsize']])
     else:
         figsize = 'x'.join([str(ROOT.gStyle.GetCanvasDefW()),
                             str(ROOT.gStyle.GetCanvasDefH())])
     def opt(**kwargs):
         return kwargs
     def addopt(group, *args, **kwargs):
         if use_mpl and 'mpl' in kwargs:
             opts = kwargs['mpl']
             kwargs = dict(kwargs, **opts)
         if not use_mpl and 'root' in kwargs:
             opts = kwargs['root']
             kwargs = dict(kwargs, **opts)
         if 'opts' in locals():
             del kwargs['mpl']
             del kwargs['root']
         if 'metadefault' in kwargs:
             val = kwargs.pop('metadefault')
             kwargs['default'] = val
             kwargs['metavar'] = val
         if 'metavar' in kwargs and ' ' in str(kwargs['metavar']):
             kwargs['metavar']="'%s'" % kwargs['metavar']
         group.add_option(*args, **kwargs)
 
     help_formatter = optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter()
     parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage, formatter=help_formatter,
                                    version='%s %s' % ('%prog', __version__))
     Group = optparse.OptionGroup
     g_control = Group(parser, "Control the overall behavior of rootplot")
     g_output  = Group(parser, "Control the output format")
     g_hist    = Group(parser, "Manipulate your histograms")
     g_style   = Group(parser, "Fine-tune your style")
     parser.add_option_group(g_control)
     parser.add_option_group(g_output)
     parser.add_option_group(g_hist)
     parser.add_option_group(g_style)
     #### Process control options
     addopt(g_control, '--config', action='store_true',
            help="do nothing but write a template configuration file "
            "called rootplot_config.py")
     addopt(g_control, '--debug', action='store_true',
            help="turn off error-catching to more easily identify errors")
     addopt(g_control, '--path', metavar="'.*'", default='.*',
            help="only process plot(s) matching this regular expression")
     addopt(g_control, '--processors', type='int',
            metadefault=find_num_processors(),
            help="the number of parallel plotting processes to create")
     #### Output options
     addopt(g_output, '-e', '--ext', metadefault='png',
            help="choose an output extension")
     addopt(g_output, '--merge', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="sets --ext=pdf and creates a merged file "
            "containing all plots")
     addopt(g_output, '--noclean', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="skips destroying the output directory before drawing")
     addopt(g_output, '--output', metadefault='plots', 
            help="name of output directory")
     addopt(g_output, '--numbering', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="print page numbers on images and prepend them to file names; "
            "numbering will respect the order of objects in the ROOT file")
     addopt(g_output, '--size', metadefault=figsize,
            root=opt(help="set the canvas size to 'width x height' in pixels"),
            mpl=opt(help="set the canvas size to 'width x height' in inches"))
     if use_mpl:
         addopt(g_output, '--dpi', type=float,
                metadefault=mpl.rcParams['figure.dpi'],
                help="set the resolution of the output files")
         addopt(g_output, '--transparent', action="store_true", default=False,
             help="use a transparent background")
     #### Histogram manipulation options
     addopt(g_hist, '-n', '--area-normalize', action='store_true',
            default=False, help="area-normalize the histograms")
     addopt(g_hist, '--scale', metavar='VAL', default=1.,
            help="normalize all histograms by VAL, or by individual values "
            "if VAL is a comma-separated list")
     addopt(g_hist, '--normalize', metavar='NUM', type='int', default=0,
            help="normalize to the NUMth target (starting with 1)")
     addopt(g_hist, '--norm-range', metavar='LOWxHIGH',
            help="only use the specified data range in determining "
            "the normalization")
     addopt(g_hist, '--rebin', metavar="N", type=int,
            help="group together bins in sets of N")
     addopt(g_hist, '--ratio', type='int', default=0, metavar='NUM',
            help="divide histograms by the NUMth target (starting from 1)")
     addopt(g_hist, '--ratio-split', type='int', default=0, metavar='NUM',
            help="same as --ratio, but split the figure in two, displaying "
            "the normal figure on top and the ratio on the bottom")
     addopt(g_hist, '--efficiency', type='int', default=0, metavar='NUM',
            help="same as --ratio, but with errors computed by the Wilson "
            "score interval")
     addopt(g_hist, '--efficiency-split', type='int', default=0, metavar='NUM',
            help="same as --ratio-split, but with errors computed by the Wilson "
            "score interval")
     #### Style options
     if not use_mpl:
         addopt(g_style, '--draw', metadefault='p H',
                help="argument to pass to ROOT's Draw command; try 'e' for "
                "errorbars, or 'hist' to make sure no errorbars appear")
     addopt(g_style, '--draw2D',
            root=opt(metadefault='box',
                     help="argument to pass to TH2::Draw (ignored if multiple "
                     "targets specified); set "
                     'to "" to turn off 2D drawing'),
            mpl=opt(metadefault='box', 
                    help="command to use for plotting 2D hists; (ignored if "
                    "multiple targets specified) "
                    "choose from 'contour', 'col', 'colz', and 'box'")
            )
     if not use_mpl:
         addopt(g_style, '-f', '--fill', action='store_true', default=False,
                           help="Histograms will have a color fill")
     if use_mpl:
         addopt(g_style, '--errorbar', action="store_true", default=False,
                help="output a matplotlib errorbar graph")
         addopt(g_style, '--barcluster', action="store_true", default=False,
                help="output a clustered bar graph")
         addopt(g_style, '--barh', action="store_true", default=False,
                help="output a horizontal clustered bar graph")
         addopt(g_style, '--bar', action="store_true", default=False,
                help="output a bar graph with all histograms overlaid")
         addopt(g_style, '--hist', action="store_true", default=False,
             help="output a matplotlib hist graph (no fill)")
         addopt(g_style, '--histfill', action="store_true", default=False,
             help="output a matplotlib hist graph with solid fill")
     addopt(g_style, '--stack', action="store_true", default=False,
            help="stack histograms")
     addopt(g_style, '-m', '--markers', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="add markers to histograms")
     addopt(g_style, '--xerr', action="store_true", default=False,
            help="show width of bins")
     addopt(g_style, '--data', type='int', default=0, metavar='NUM',
            root=opt(help="treat the NUMth target (starting from 1) "
                     "specially, drawing it as black datapoints; to achieve "
                     "a classic data vs. MC plot, try this along with "
                     "--stack and --fill"),
            mpl=opt(help="treat the NUMth target (starting from 1) "
                    "specially, drawing it as black datapoints; to achieve "
                    "a classic data vs. MC plot, try this along with --stack"))
     addopt(g_style, '--xmax', type='float', default=None,
            help="set the maximum value of the x-axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--xmin', type='float', default=None,
            help="set the minimum value of the x-axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--ymax', type='float', default=None,
            help="set the maximum value of the y-axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--ymin', type='float', default=None,
            help="set the minimum value of the y-axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--legend-location', metavar='upper right', default=1,
            help="Place legend in LOC, according to matplotlib "
            "location codes; try 'lower left' or 'center'; "
            "to turn off, set to 'None'")
     addopt(g_style, '--legend-entries', default=None, metavar="''",
            help="A comma-separated string giving the labels to "
            "appear in the legend")
     if use_mpl:
         addopt(g_style, '--legend-ncols', default=None, metavar=1,
                help="Number of columns to use in the legend")
     addopt(g_style, '--title', default=None,
                       help="replace the plot titles, or append to them by "
                       "preceeding with a '+'")
     addopt(g_style, '--xlabel', default=None,
                       help="replace the x-axis labels, or append to them by "
                       "preceeding with a '+'")
     addopt(g_style, '--ylabel', default=None,
                       help="replace the y-axis labels, or append to them by "
                       "preceeding with a '+'")
     addopt(g_style, '--grid', action='store_true', default=False,
                       help="toggle the grid on or off for both axes")
     addopt(g_style, '--gridx', action='store_true', default=False,
                       help="toggle the grid on or off for the x axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--gridy', action='store_true', default=False,
                       help="toggle the grid on or off for the y axis")
     if use_mpl:
         addopt(g_style, '--cmap',
                help="matplotlib colormap to use for 2D plots")
         addopt(g_style, '--barwidth', metadefault=1.0, type=float,
                help="fraction of the bin width for bars to fill")
         addopt(g_style, '--alpha', type='float', metadefault=0.5,
                help="set the opacity of fills")
     addopt(g_style, '--logx', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="force log scale for x axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--logy', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="force log scale for y axis")
     addopt(g_style, '--overflow', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="display overflow content in the highest bin")
     addopt(g_style, '--underflow', action='store_true', default=False,
            help="display underflow content in the lowest bin")
     #### Do immediate processing of arguments
     options, arguments = parser.parse_args(list(argv))
     options = Options(options, arguments, scope=scope)
     options.replace = [] # must have default in case not using mpl
     if options.processors == 1 or options.ext == 'C':
         global use_multiprocessing
         use_multiprocessing = False
     if options.merge: options.ext = 'pdf'
     return options

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